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Impact de la performance du secteur agricole sur la performance des autres secteurs et le niveau de vie au Bénin

( Télécharger le fichier original )
par Codjo Serge ABALLO
Université d'Abomey-Calavi (Bénin) - Diplôme d'ingénieur statisticien économiste  2011
  

précédent sommaire suivant

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LISTE DES ANNEXES

Annexe 1 : Corrélogramme de la série L_PIBA

Annexe 2 : Corrélogramme de la série L_PIBH

Annexe 3 : Corrélogramme de la série L_PIBI

Annexe 4 : Corrélogramme de la série L_PIBI

Annexe 5 : Test de stationnarité sur L_PIBA

Null Hypothesis: L_PIBA has a unit root

 

Exogenous: Constant, Linear Trend

 

Lag Length: 0 (Automatic based on SIC, MAXLAG=9)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

t-Statistic

  Prob.*

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Augmented Dickey-Fuller test statistic

-3.162448

 0.1062

Test critical values:

1% level

 

-4.198503

 
 

5% level

 

-3.523623

 
 

10% level

 

-3.192902

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

*MacKinnon (1996) one-sided p-values.

 

Augmented Dickey-Fuller Test Equation

 

Dependent Variable: D(L_PIBA)

 

Method: Least Squares

 
 

Date: 02/20/13 Time: 12:10

 
 

Sample (adjusted): 1971 2011

 
 

Included observations: 41 after adjustments

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Variable

Coefficient

Std. Error

t-Statistic

Prob.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

L_PIBA (-1)

-0.317483

0.100391

-3.162448

0.0031

C

7.985487

2.517238

3.172321

0.0030

@TREND(1970)

0.014248

0.004397

3.240189

0.0025

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

R-squared

0.217180

    Mean dependent var

0.036148

Adjusted R-squared

0.175979

    S.D. dependent var

0.059995

S.E. of regression

0.054461

    Akaike info criterion

-2.912319

Sum squared resid

0.112707

    Schwarz criterion

-2.786936

Log likelihood

62.70254

    F-statistic

5.271236

Durbin-Watson stat

2.042756

    Prob(F-statistic)

0.009541

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Annexe 6 : Test de stationnarité sur D(L_PIBA)

Null Hypothesis: D(L_PIBA) has a unit root

 

Exogenous: Constant

 
 

Lag Length: 0 (Automatic based on SIC, MAXLAG=9)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

t-Statistic

  Prob.*

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Augmented Dickey-Fuller test statistic

-7.130728

 0.0000

Test critical values:

1% level

 

-3.605593

 
 

5% level

 

-2.936942

 
 

10% level

 

-2.606857

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

*MacKinnon (1996) one-sided p-values.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Augmented Dickey-Fuller Test Equation

 

Dependent Variable: D(L_PIBA,2)

 

Method: Least Squares

 
 

Date: 02/20/13 Time: 12:13

 
 

Sample (adjusted): 1972 2011

 
 

Included observations: 40 after adjustments

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Variable

Coefficient

Std. Error

t-Statistic

Prob.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

D(L_PIBA(-1))

-1.127788

0.158159

-7.130728

0.0000

C

0.042689

0.011113

3.841436

0.0005

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

R-squared

0.572300

    Mean dependent var

0.001149

Adjusted R-squared

0.561045

    S.D. dependent var

0.090337

S.E. of regression

0.059852

    Akaike info criterion

-2.745189

Sum squared resid

0.136124

    Schwarz criterion

-2.660745

Log likelihood

56.90378

    F-statistic

50.84729

Durbin-Watson stat

2.053975

    Prob(F-statistic)

0.000000

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Annexe 7 : Test de stationnarité sur L_PIBH

Null Hypothesis: L_PIBH has a unit root

 

Exogenous: Constant, Linear Trend

 

Lag Length: 0 (Automatic based on SIC, MAXLAG=9)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

t-Statistic

  Prob.*

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Augmented Dickey-Fuller test statistic

-2.251733

 0.4496

Test critical values:

1% level

 

-4.198503

 
 

5% level

 

-3.523623

 
 

10% level

 

-3.192902

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

*MacKinnon (1996) one-sided p-values.

 

Augmented Dickey-Fuller Test Equation

 

Dependent Variable: D(L_PIBH)

 

Method: Least Squares

 
 

Date: 02/20/13 Time: 12:20

 
 

Sample (adjusted): 1971 2011

 
 

Included observations: 41 after adjustments

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Variable

Coefficient

Std. Error

t-Statistic

Prob.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

L_PIBH(-1)

-0.225485

0.100138

-2.251733

0.0302

C

1.266563

0.562712

2.250818

0.0303

@TREND(1970)

0.001868

0.000779

2.399343

0.0214

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

R-squared

0.133422

    Mean dependent var

0.006582

Adjusted R-squared

0.087813

    S.D. dependent var

0.029653

S.E. of regression

0.028321

    Akaike info criterion

-4.220052

Sum squared resid

0.030480

    Schwarz criterion

-4.094668

Log likelihood

89.51106

    F-statistic

2.925332

Durbin-Watson stat

1.646501

    Prob(F-statistic)

0.065817

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Annexe 8 : Test de stationnarité sur D(L_PIBH)

Null Hypothesis: D(L_PIBH) has a unit root

 

Exogenous: None

 
 

Lag Length: 0 (Automatic based on SIC, MAXLAG=9)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

t-Statistic

  Prob.*

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Augmented Dickey-Fuller test statistic

-5.575145

 0.0000

Test critical values:

1% level

 

-2.624057

 
 

5% level

 

-1.949319

 
 

10% level

 

-1.611711

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

*MacKinnon (1996) one-sided p-values.

 
 
 
 
 
 

Augmented Dickey-Fuller Test Equation

 

Dependent Variable: D (L_PIBH,2)

 

Method: Least Squares

 
 

Date: 02/20/13 Time: 12:22

 
 

Sample (adjusted): 1972 2011

 
 

Included observations: 40 after adjustments

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Variable

Coefficient

Std. Error

t-Statistic

Prob.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

D(L_PIBH(-1))

-0.872126

0.156431

-5.575145

0.0000

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

R-squared

0.442968

    Mean dependent var

0.001239

Adjusted R-squared

0.442968

    S.D. dependent var

0.040183

S.E. of regression

0.029990

    Akaike info criterion

-4.151208

Sum squared resid

0.035077

    Schwarz criterion

-4.108986

Log likelihood

84.02416

    Durbin-Watson stat

1.796316

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Annexe 9 : Test de stationnarité sur L_PIBI

Null Hypothesis: L_PIBI has a unit root

 

Exogenous: Constant

 
 

Lag Length: 0 (Automatic based on SIC, MAXLAG=9)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

t-Statistic

  Prob.*

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Augmented Dickey-Fuller test statistic

-2.184504

 0.2148

Test critical values:

1% level

 

-3.600987

 
 

5% level

 

-2.935001

 
 

10% level

 

-2.605836

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

*MacKinnon (1996) one-sided p-values.

 
 
 
 
 
 

Augmented Dickey-Fuller Test Equation

 

Dependent Variable: D(L_PIBI)

 

Method: Least Squares

 
 

Date: 02/20/13 Time: 12:23

 
 

Sample (adjusted): 1971 2011

 
 

Included observations: 41 after adjustments

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Variable

Coefficient

Std. Error

t-Statistic

Prob.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

L_PIBI(-1)

-0.061884

0.028329

-2.184504

0.0350

C

1.617128

0.709830

2.278190

0.0283

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

R-squared

0.109021

    Mean dependent var

0.067603

Adjusted R-squared

0.086175

    S.D. dependent var

0.179218

S.E. of regression

0.171322

    Akaike info criterion

-0.642991

Sum squared resid

1.144701

    Schwarz criterion

-0.559402

Log likelihood

15.18131

    F-statistic

4.772059

Durbin-Watson stat

1.879444

    Prob(F-statistic)

0.035001

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Annexe 10 : Test de stationnarité sur D(L_PIBI)

Null Hypothesis: D(L_PIBI) has a unit root

 

Exogenous: None

 
 

Lag Length: 0 (Automatic based on SIC, MAXLAG=9)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

t-Statistic

  Prob.*

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Augmented Dickey-Fuller test statistic

-5.050001

 0.0000

Test critical values:

1% level

 

-2.624057

 
 

5% level

 

-1.949319

 
 

10% level

 

-1.611711

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

*MacKinnon (1996) one-sided p-values.

 
 
 
 
 
 

Augmented Dickey-Fuller Test Equation

 

Dependent Variable: D (L_PIBI,2)

 

Method: Least Squares

 
 

Date: 02/20/13 Time: 12:25

 
 

Sample (adjusted): 1972 2011

 
 

Included observations: 40 after adjustments

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Variable

Coefficient

Std. Error

t-Statistic

Prob.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

D(L_PIBI(-1))

-0.784466

0.155340

-5.050001

0.0000

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

R-squared

0.395307

    Mean dependent var

-0.002482

Adjusted R-squared

0.395307

    S.D. dependent var

0.242227

S.E. of regression

0.188360

    Akaike info criterion

-0.476236

Sum squared resid

1.383707

    Schwarz criterion

-0.434014

Log likelihood

10.52473

    Durbin-Watson stat

2.059069

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Annexe 11 : Test de stationnarité sur L_PIBS

Null Hypothesis: L_PIBS has a unit root

 

Exogenous: None

 
 

Lag Length: 0 (Automatic based on SIC, MAXLAG=9)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

t-Statistic

  Prob.*

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Augmented Dickey-Fuller test statistic

 3.879710

 0.9999

Test critical values:

1% level

 

-2.622585

 
 

5% level

 

-1.949097

 
 

10% level

 

-1.611824

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

*MacKinnon (1996) one-sided p-values.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Augmented Dickey-Fuller Test Equation

 

Dependent Variable: D(L_PIBS)

 

Method: Least Squares

 
 

Date: 02/20/13 Time: 12:27

 
 

Sample (adjusted): 1971 2011

 
 

Included observations: 41 after adjustments

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Variable

Coefficient

Std. Error

t-Statistic

Prob.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

L_PIBS (-1)

0.001146

0.000296

3.879710

0.0004

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

R-squared

0.000224

    Mean dependent var

0.030134

Adjusted R-squared

0.000224

    S.D. dependent var

0.049754

S.E. of regression

0.049748

    Akaike info criterion

-3.139586

Sum squared resid

0.098996

    Schwarz criterion

-3.097791

Log likelihood

65.36151

    Durbin-Watson stat

1.919032

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Annexe 12 : Test de stationnarité sur D(L_PIBS)

Null Hypothesis: D(L_PIBS) has a unit root

 

Exogenous: Constant

 
 

Lag Length: 0 (Automatic based on SIC, MAXLAG=9)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

t-Statistic

  Prob.*

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Augmented Dickey-Fuller test statistic

-5.928194

 0.0000

Test critical values:

1% level

 

-3.605593

 
 

5% level

 

-2.936942

 
 

10% level

 

-2.606857

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

*MacKinnon (1996) one-sided p-values.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Augmented Dickey-Fuller Test Equation

 

Dependent Variable: D (L_PIBS,2)

 

Method: Least Squares

 
 

Date: 02/20/13 Time: 12:35

 
 

Sample (adjusted): 1972 2011

 
 

Included observations: 40 after adjustments

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Variable

Coefficient

Std. Error

t-Statistic

Prob.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

D(L_PIBS(-1))

-0.959630

0.161876

-5.928194

0.0000

C

0.029323

0.009423

3.111750

0.0035

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

R-squared

0.480473

    Mean dependent var

0.000318

Adjusted R-squared

0.466801

    S.D. dependent var

0.069753

S.E. of regression

0.050934

    Akaike info criterion

-3.067855

Sum squared resid

0.098583

    Schwarz criterion

-2.983411

Log likelihood

63.35709

    F-statistic

35.14349

Durbin-Watson stat

1.966510

    Prob(F-statistic)

0.000001

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Annexe 13 : Test de la valeur propre maximale

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Hypothesized

 

Max-Eigen

0.05

 

No. of CE(s)

Eigenvalue

Statistic

Critical Value

Prob**

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

None

 0.252039

 11.61618

 27.58434

 0.9470

At most 1

 0.194771

 8.665121

 21.13162

 0.8585

At most 2

 0.171309

 7.516315

 14.26460

 0.4300

At most 3

 0.038144

 1.555614

 3.841466

 0.2123

 
 
 
 
 

Annexe 14 : Modèle VAR avec DPIBI et sans constante

 

DL_PIBH

DL_PIBA

DL_PIBI

DL_PIBS

DL_PIBH(-1)

-0.214843

-1.416178

-0.815325

-0.589554

 

(0.22903)

(0.51143)

(1.52541)

(0.39238)

 

(-0.93807)

(-2.76907)

(-0.53450)

(-1.50252)

 
 
 
 
 

DL_PIBA(-1)

0.182883

0.352387

0.675885

0.480593

 

(0.07000)

(0.15632)

(0.46625)

(0.11993)

 

(2.61247)

(2.25424)

(1.44961)

(4.00717)

 
 
 
 
 

DL_PIBI(-1)

-0.002745

0.088369

0.189140

-0.003278

 

(0.02422)

(0.05408)

(0.16131)

(0.04149)

 

(-0.11334)

(1.63396)

(1.17253)

(-0.07899)

 
 
 
 
 

DL_PIBS(-1)

0.162300

0.639407

0.633147

0.508891

 

(0.11378)

(0.25408)

(0.75784)

(0.19494)

 

(1.42641)

(2.51654)

(0.83546)

(2.61054)

R-squared

0.126203

-0.049296

-0.010484

0.133920

Adj. R-squared

0.053387

-0.136738

-0.094691

0.061747

Sum sq. resids

0.029136

0.145289

1.292520

0.085521

S.E. equation

0.028449

0.063528

0.189482

0.048740

F-statistic

1.733169

-0.563765

-0.124499

1.855531

Log likelihood

87.73541

55.60071

11.88817

66.19994

Akaike AIC

-4.186770

-2.580035

-0.394408

-3.109997

Schwarz SC

-4.017882

-2.411147

-0.225520

-2.941109

Mean dependent

0.007638

0.037982

0.065746

0.030543

S.D. dependent

0.029240

0.059585

0.181101

0.050318

Determinant Residual Covariance

6.81E-11

 
 

Log Likelihood

241.1638

 
 

Akaike Information Criteria

-11.25819

 
 

Schwarz Criteria

-10.58264

 
 

Annexe 15: Modèle VAR avec constante et sans DPIBI

 

DL_PIBH

DL_PIBA

DL_PIBS

DL_PIBH(-1)

-0.458574

-0.119821

-0.470931

 

(0.30520)

(0.65405)

(0.53175)

 

(-1.50255)

(-0.18320)

(-0.88563)

 
 
 
 

DL_PIBA(-1)

0.287912

-0.177607

0.427684

 

(0.11345)

(0.24311)

(0.19766)

 

(2.53790)

(-0.73055)

(2.16378)

 
 
 
 

DL_PIBS(-1)

0.338551

-0.219547

0.418201

 

(0.18869)

(0.40437)

(0.32875)

 

(1.79422)

(-0.54294)

(1.27208)

 
 
 
 

C

-0.010265

0.051926

0.005163

 

(0.00882)

(0.01889)

(0.01536)

 

(-1.16426)

(2.74820)

(0.33610)

R-squared

0.157610

0.068342

0.136479

Adj. R-squared

0.087410

-0.009296

0.064519

Sum sq. resids

0.028089

0.129000

0.085268

S.E. equation

0.027933

0.059861

0.048668

F-statistic

2.245177

0.880267

1.896600

Log likelihood

88.46749

57.97890

66.25914

Akaike AIC

-4.223375

-2.698945

-3.112957

Schwarz SC

-4.054487

-2.530057

-2.944069

Mean dependent

0.007638

0.037982

0.030543

S.D. dependent

0.029240

0.059585

0.050318

Determinant Residual Covariance

1.12E-09

 

Log Likelihood

241.8794

 

Akaike Information Criteria

-11.49397

 

Schwarz Criteria

-10.98730

 

Annexe 16 : Modèle VAR sans DPIBI et sans constante

 

DL_PIBH

DL_PIBA

DL_PIBS

DL_PIBH(-1)

-0.217181

-1.340915

-0.592346

 

(0.22503)

(0.52072)

(0.38550)

 

(-0.96511)

(-2.57514)

(-1.53657)

 
 
 
 

DL_PIBA(-1)

0.182835

0.353930

0.480536

 

(0.06906)

(0.15981)

(0.11831)

 

(2.64738)

(2.21473)

(4.06168)

 
 
 
 

DL_PIBS(-1)

0.161098

0.678105

0.507456

 

(0.11177)

(0.25862)

(0.19146)

 

(1.44139)

(2.62200)

(2.65040)

R-squared

0.125891

-0.127114

0.133770

Adj. R-squared

0.078642

-0.188039

0.086946

Sum sq. resids

0.029147

0.156063

0.085536

S.E. equation

0.028067

0.064946

0.048081

F-statistic

2.664417

-2.086399

2.856908

Log likelihood

87.72827

54.16990

66.19648

Akaike AIC

-4.236414

-2.558495

-3.159824

Schwarz SC

-4.109748

-2.431829

-3.033158

Mean dependent

0.007638

0.037982

0.030543

S.D. dependent

0.029240

0.059585

0.050318

Determinant Residual Covariance

2.50E-09

 

Log Likelihood

225.9062

 

Akaike Information Criteria

-10.84531

 

Schwarz Criteria

-10.46531

 

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Bitcoin is a swarm of cyber hornets serving the goddess of wisdom, feeding on the fire of truth, exponentially growing ever smarter, faster, and stronger behind a wall of encrypted energy



"L'imagination est plus importante que le savoir"   Albert Einstein