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Silting of Togo inshore sedimentary basin rivers and protection measures: Case of Zio river

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par Akintola S. Nelson AKIBODE
Technische Universität Dresden/Germany (CIPSEM Centre for International Postgraduate Studies in Environmental Management) - Diploma of Environmental Management 2007
  

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CIPSEM - Centre for International Postgraduate Studies in Environmental Management

30th INTERNATIONAL POSTGRADUATE COURSE ON ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT FOR DEVELOPING AND EMERGING COUNTRIES

FINAL PAPER

TITLE:

SILTING OF TOGO INSHORE SEDIMENTARY BASIN RIVERS AND PROTECTION MEASURES: CASE OF ZIO RIVER

AUTHOR:

Mr. AKINTOLA S. NELSON AKIBODE

COUNTRY:

TOGO

SUPERVISOR:

Prof. K. H FEGER

DATE:

JULY 2007

ABSTRACT

The main courses water of Togo inshore sedimentary basin are in silting up and drying. This situation of environmental degradation which worry or concern for since long time the Ministry of Environment and Forestry Resources. Despite protection measures used today, rivers degradation is not stopping.

In this executive training entitled «30th UNEP/UNESCO/BMU International Postgraduate Course on Environmental Management for Developing and Emerging Countries» which take place in Dresden (Germany) of the 15 January to 15 July 2007, to improve ours knowledge and experiences in matter of basin and river protection against erosion, Zio river affected too by the silting up phenomenon does be the subject of the present study in final paper as topic: «Silting of Togo inshore sedimentary basin rivers and protection measures: case of Zio river».

Zio river, length of 178 km, takes his source in the Mounts of Togo, drains two main geology surfaces, gneiss granite upstream and down-stream inshore sedimentary basin where it is makes meanders before throwing in the «Lac-Togo» that communicates with Atlantic Ocean by a pass in Aného. In the inshore sedimentary basin, the river spreads on 80 km and his valley covered roughly 400 000 ha. Under the subequatorial climate characterized by weakness and irregularity rain, the course water after mountain forest crossing savanna vegetation on ferralitic soils.

Developing vast area of lumbering and agricultural in the past, Zio basin provides to the riverside residents and urban populations important natural resources notably earths, wood, fish, pastoral, hunt, medicinal plants, sediments, and water that constitutes for the first the basis of subsistence and wealth and for the second a supplies source within research of hands in woods energy and derivative.

Currently, facing a riverside resident pressure (population increasing), study area knows a serious deterioration problem of these natural resources and his environment. River basin degradation is expressed by the drop of yield agriculture income activities. In fact, silting up or embankment found his origin in the fore stry destroying and the soils erosion which bring in river bed the sand and other charges.

Present study gets out the basin environmental degradation assessment and proposes the standard models to protect and restore the river banks against the silting up or erosion. It is recommended about conducting a participating and lasting forest reforestation of the basin, the agro forestry promote, bush fires managing, biodiversity protect, river users awareness, and practicing the anti-erosive measures. New technical measures of environmental protection implemented will be braking or reducing erosion speed in the basin and improving as well the riverside resident's life conditions.

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