ABSTRACT
The 1970s marked the beginning of consideration of issues
including climate change due to anthropogenic emissions of greenhouse gases.
And several instruments and organizations are set up to stabilize GHG
emissions. Burkina Faso is a signatory to the United Nations Framework
Convention on Climate Change, which provides in Article 4, the annual release
reporting its GHG emissions.
National Bureau of Environmental Assessments is the structure
of the Ministry of the Environment and Sustainable Development (MESD)
responsible for coordination and implementation of national policy on
environmental assessment, monitoring and surveillance Environmental Management
Plans do not include GHG emissions. It is in this context that we were given
the theme "optimization strategy in greenhouse gas emissions from the Taparko
gold mine in Burkina Faso" This is to quantify GHG emissions from the mine, for
optimization.
Quantification of GHG emissions has been achieved through the
tool Carbon Identity Card® 2iE and use of different emission factors of
different hydrocarbons, different gas considered for the study.
The study found that during the year 2011, the company mines
Taparko issued according to the scope of the study, about 51,725 or about 20
TeqCO2 TeqCO2/kg of gold produced. The power station is one that emits the most
greenhouse gases 82% of total emissions from the mine, followed by the
extension of transport 16% and finally 2% fugitive emissions.
The gold mine is energy intensive because Taparko works
exclusively with fossil fuels, the problem that arises in reducing GHG
emissions of SOMITA is how to ensure energy efficiency without impacting the
production of gold? The Information System and Energy Management is an
opportunity that will reduce GHG emissions from the mine at least 5% or
approximately 2563 TeqCO2. The establishment of an EMIS to SOMITA for better
fuel efficiency will go through management commitment, the establishment of a
cell of energy management and finally the involvement of all staff
Key words: SOMITA, Comptablization , Green House GAZ,
Optimization, ISEM
Mémoire de Master en Environnement KASSA
Hassane Massadé 2011-2012
VII
Stratégie d'optimisation des émissions de
gaz à effet de serre de la mine d'or de Taparko
au Burkina Faso
TABLE DES MATIERES
DEDICACES I
LISTE DES SIGLES ET ABREVIATIONS III
LISTE DES TABLEAUX IV
LISTE DES CARTES IV
LISTE DES FIGURES IV
LISTE DES PHOTOS V
RESUME VI
ABSTRACT VII
INTRODUCTION GENERALE 1
CONTEXTE DE L'ETUDE 3
PROBLEMATIQUE 3
OBJECTIF GENERAL 4
OBJECTIFS SPECIFIQUES 4
RESULTATS ATTENDUS 4
CHAPITRE I : CONTEXTE GENERAL DE LA ZONE ETUDIEE 6
I.PRESENTATION DE LA MINE DE TARPARKO 6
I.1 Localisation du site 6
I.2 Composantes du site 6
CHAPITRE II : GENERALITES SUR LES EMISSIONS DE GAZ A EFFET DE
10
SERRE 10
CHAPITRE III : METHODOLOGIE D'ETUDE 14
III.1 Gaz à effet de serre pris en compte 14
III.2 Année de référence 14
III.3 Périmètre de l'étude 15
III.4 Comptabilisation des émissions 16
III.5 Postes 18
III.5.1 Energie 18
III.5.1.1Facteurs d'émission pour le poste énergie
19
III.5.2 Transport 20
III.5.2.1 Facteurs d'émission pour le poste transport
21
III.5.3 Emissions fugitives 22
Mémoire de Master en Environnement KASSA
Hassane Massadé 2011-2012
VIII
Stratégie d'optimisation des émissions de
gaz à effet de serre de la mine d'or de Taparko
au Burkina Faso
III.5.3 Emissions fugitives 23
III.6 Incertitude 23
III.6 Outils utilisés 24
CHAPITRE V : RESULTATS ET ANALYSE 25
V.I RESULTATS 25
V.I.1 Transports 25
V.I. 2 ENERGIE 26
V.I.3 : Emissions fugitives 28
V.2 Analyse des résultats 30
CHAPITRE V : STATEGIE D'OPTIMISATION DES EMISSIONS DE GES DE
LA
SOMITA 32
V.I CHOIX DE LA STRATEGIE 32
V.II GENERALITE SUR LE SIGE 33
V.II.2 Définition d'un SIGE 33
V.II.3 Les composantes d'un SIGE 33
V.II. Produits livrables d'un SIGE 34
V.III. Mise en place d'un SIGE à la SOMITA 37
V.III.1 Direction 37
V.III.2 Cellule de gestion de l'énergie 37
V.III.3 Personnel 37
CONCLUSION 39
Bibliographie 40
ANNEXE 42
Mémoire de Master en Environnement KASSA
Hassane Massadé 2011-2012
IX
Stratégie d'optimisation des émissions de
gaz à effet de serre de la mine d'or de Taparko
au Burkina Faso
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