4.3.5 Analysis of women entrepreneurs' economic
situation before and after becoming entrepreneur 30
4.3.5.1 Comparative analysis of monthly savings 30
4.3.5.2 Comparative analysis of monthly expenditures 32
4.3.5.3 Comparative analysis of working capital at the start and
currently in business 34
4.3.6 Analysis of the challenges faced by women entrepreneurs
35
4.3 Results interpretation and hypothesis testing 36
CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
38
5.1 Summary 38
5.2 Conclusion 39
5.3 Recommendations 39
REFERENCES 41
APPENDICES 43
vii
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
ADB : Africa Development Bank
ANOVA : Analysis of Variance
FHH : Female Headed Household
GDP : Gross Domestic Product
GE : Global Entrepreneurship
GEM : Global Entrepreneurship Monitor
GNP : Gross National Product
MSMs : Micro-Small and Medium sized Enterprises
NGOs : Non Government Organizations
NISR : National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda
OECD : Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development
RWF : Rwandan Franc
RPSF : Rwanda Private Sector Federation
SAMEN : South Africa Women entrepreneurs' Network
SAWE : South Africa Women Entrepreneurs
SMEs : Small and Medium Enterprises
SPSS : Statistical Package for the Social Sciences
UNIDO : United National Industrial Development Organization
USA : United States of America
WB : World Bank
WBSR : World Bank Study Report
LIST OF TABLES
Table 4.1: Demographic characteristics of the respondents 18
Table4.2: Cross tabulation between sector of activities and the
three variables in table 4.1 19
Table 4.3: Number of employees by sector 23
Table 4.4: Family size of women entrepreneurs 29
Table4.5: Model Summary 29
Table 4.6: ANOVA Table 29
Table 4.7: Coefficients 30
Table 4.8: comparison of monthly mean savings 31
Table4.9: Test about mean monthly savings 31
Table 4.10: comparison of mean monthly expenditures 33
Table 4.11: Test about mean monthly expenditure 33
Table 4.12: Mean working capital at the start and after 34
Table 4.13: Test about mean working capital 34
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure4.1: Reasons why women become entrepreneurs 21
Figure4.2: Source of finance 22
Figure 4.3: Market for women entrepreneurs 24
Figure 4.4: activities women contribute more in the development
of the society 26
Figure 4.5: Changes in live standards after becoming
entrepreneurs 28
Figure 4.6 Mean monthly savings before and after becoming
entrepreneurs 32
Figure 4.7: Challenges faced by women entrepreneurs 35
xi
LIST OF APPENDICES
Questionnaire on women entrepreneurs in expo 2010 at Rwanda
Private Sector Federation GIKONDO from 26th/August to
8th/September 2010
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