General introduction
After second world war and the end of the 20th century were
marked by the liberalization and the opening of the economy by technological
developments and a strong growth of the international exchanges accompanied by
a progression of the investments abroad of the large companies.
This last tendency which is, amongst other things,
internationalization is essential as one of the strategies of gaining companies
to have a durable competing advantage.
Indeed, the importance of the advantages which
internationalization with the various speakers gets that it is the company, the
consumer, the country of origin or the host country make of this phenomenon the
strategic way of development the most adopted.
However, it is necessary to recall that during the Eighties,
these international exchanges knew a run up against evolution and the opening
to the exchanges continued to progress but at less intervals.
In this respect, the foreign direct investments represent the
channel privileged to extend the fields of internationalization, at least the
form of presence which comprises possibilities of maximum control is a means of
continuing the preexistent competing fight by other means.
In the case of Tunisia, this new policy of the investment is
materialized by the promulgation of the new code of incentives to the
investments (law 93-120 of December 27, 1993) which proposes to ensure the
sites coherence, safety and profitability.
The foreign investment in Tunisia profits from several
advantages of various natures which made our country an quasi-obligatory
crossroads for the North-South exchanges. So the encouragements granted to the
foreign investors increase the chances of entry and evolution of the
investments on the Tunisian market. Remain to know for the foreign partners if
their sizes, their experiments and their capacities of adaptation can their
make it possible or not to reach the first steps of success.
Within this framework our problems are integrated :
« which is the impact of the size and the experiment of the partners
on the choice of the mode of presence by IDE »?
In a first part we will try to determine within the framework
of the first chapter the phenomenon of internationalization ; its factors,
its advantages, its consequences as well as the adopted strategies, in the
second chapter we will be interested in the joint venture like form of
cooperation to include/understand its characteristics and its methods.
In one second part we choose with a statistical evaluation to
check the validity of our assumptions of research which is as follows :
Assumption 1 : The size of the partners has a
positive effect on the level of investment ;
Assumption 2 : The size of the
partners has a positive effect on the level of control ;
Assumption 3 : The experiment of
the partners has a positive effect on the level of investment ;
Assumption 4 : The experiment of
the partners has a positive effect on the level of control
The principal interest of this research is that it enables us
to better include/understand the behavior of the investors in the choice of the
various methods of joint venture.
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