General conclusion
The internationalization of the companies, this phenomenon
which developed well in the last decades, presents several modes of development
for the companies. This research aims to determine these various modes and to
especially explain the choice of the mode of presence by the IDE while being
based on two selection criteria which are the size and the experiment of the
company.
The foreign direct investment was often analyzed like a
homogeneous unit. We analyzed it in this study like a category of modes of
presence forming the minority partnership, partnership 50/50, the majority
partnership and the plate venture. However, each mode among them supposes a
behavior different from that of another mode.
For this purpose, one tried to check if there exists or not a
differentiation between the behaviors of establishment of the foreign investors
in Tunisia.
In the theoretical part, we initially tried to collect the
lesson provided by the various disciplines which were interested in this
phenomenon through authors who were distinguished by their contributions and by
synthesizing the literature in this field knowing that this work is very many
and bearing on aspects different from the same subject. In the second place, we
tried to validate certain aspects of the results of the theory in this
field.
However we tried to cover the subject while being based on two
aspects (size and experiment of the partners) more than the other aspects of
the choice of the mode of presence.
Implication of research
Research in this field makes it possible to the investors to
better analyze the market and the environment before generally choosing the
mode of presence by the investment bus, the degree of engagement should be
related to the objectives of the investor on the market aimed and not only to
the will to hold a level of high control.
Limits of research
Our research present, certainly, several limits which can be
dependant ;
- With the significant number of factors being able to
intervene in the choice of the mode of presence by the investment, that it was
difficult to us to integrate them all in the same study and especially to
validate their influence, for that we chose those which appear to us most
operational.
- Our study would have gained in rigor if we had added another
variable which explains the experiment of the company beside the number of
years of presence to knowing the training acquired in the field of the IDE.
- With the selected population since the Tunisian framework
can not be in conformity with the international framework.
Future ways of research
The prospects for research are vast in this field. Indeed, we
treated in this research only one aspect of the problem.
It would be interesting to carry out a time series to follow
the evolution of behavior of the foreign investors.
Or to widen the fields of this research in order to carry out
studies on the hotel sector or the sector of the agriculture which can release
from the characteristics specific to them.
Another possibility would be to compare between the behavior
of the completely exporting companies and that of the partially exporting
companies in the choice of the mode of presence.
The future studies can be interested in the other modes of
presence other than by the IDE with knowing the frankness, subcontracting...
while being based on the behavior of the investors or the level of engagement.
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