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Development of a computerized provider order entry system for laboratory

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par Gérard Bisama Mutshipayi
University of Ghana - Master of Science (MSc) 2015
  

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5.4.2. Improvements identification

Based on the proposed framework for the district hospital illustrate in the Figure1.1 (Chapter 1), we have identified five business processes to automate for the improvement of the laboratory test order management:

1. Patient administration management: provides patient demographics information to the system. This process involves the management of patient identification information such as names, record number, ID number and patient location. The patient is uniquely identified with the medical record number.

2. Staff administration management: provides basics information on the profile of the medical staffs in terms of their working categories or the duties they are supposed to perform to provide care to the patient. The medical staff are identified by their professional identification number such as license number.

3. Place order management: provides information on the laboratory order requested by clinician for patients. Each order created by the clinician should be identified with an Order Number.

4. Test result management: provides information on the specimen collection for an order, their identification and management. Result entry is also included in this process.

5. Order result management: provides information on the follow-up and the tracking of the order result.

5.4.3. Requirements definition

A requirement is simply a statement of what the system must perform or what characteristics it should have. During a systems development project, requirements are created to describe the business needs (business requirements), what the software should do (functional requirements), the characteristics that the system should have (nonfunctional requirements).

Business requirements

The business requirements are the statements that describe the reasons for proposing the system development project. This section refer to the justification of the study.

Functional requirements

A functional requirement relates directly to a process that the system has to perform to support the user tasks. The International Institute of Business Analysis (IIBA) defines functional requirements as «the product capabilities, or things that a product must do for its users». By the analysis of main user tasks that should be performed from the five business processes to be automated, the functional requirements listed below have been identified.

§ Patient administration management:

The system will allow the clerk:

- To record new patients

- To subscribe the patient to receive notification of laboratory result by SMS and/or e-mail

- To search a patient using his/her identification information

- To update demographic information of the patient

- To view the list of the patient of the hospital

§ Staff administration management:

The system will allow the clerk:

- To record new medical staff

- To update identification information of the medical staff

- To view the list of the staff of the hospital

§ Place order management

The system will allow

- The clinician to request laboratories test for the patient

- The clinician to choose to receive the lab result by SMS and/or email

- The clinician to view the ordered laboratory group test for a patient;

- The nurse to refer a patient to a clinician

- The nurse to view laboratory test request by the clinician for a patient.

§ Test result management

The system will:

- Allow the laboratory technician to record the reception of specimen;

- Allow the laboratory technician to identify the referring clinician and patients;

- Allow the laboratory technician to record result of lab test

- Allow the laboratory technician to record new external laboratory order

- Send automatic SMS and/or email notification to both patient and referring clinicianwhen the result are validated.

§ Order result management

The system will allow:

- The referring clinician to view the result of the lab tests ordered

- The referring clinician to view laboratory test that have been performed or not

- The referring clinician to enter treatment guideline for a patient after viewing the lab result

- Any clinician who is authorized to access the system to view lab order requested by another clinician and to enter treatment guideline

- Any clinician who is authorized to access the system to view on the work station the alert notification of new results available

- The nurse to view the treatment guideline and the laboratory test request for an identified patient and referring physician.

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