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Risk management in Etablissement Kazoza et Compagnie-Rwanda

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par NOHELI Sam
Kabale University-Rep of Uganda - Masters 2011
  

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CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.0 Introduction

This chapter presents methodology describing how the study was conducted. It includes; research design, Study population, sample and sample size, methods of data collection, methods of data analysis and anticipation of the study.

Research methodology refers to a philosophy of research process. It includes the assumptions and values that serve a rationale for research and the standards or criteria the researcher uses for collecting and interpreting data and reaching at conclusions (Martin and Amin, 2005:63). In other words research methodology determines the factors such as how to write hypothesis and what level of evidence is necessary to make decisions on whether to accept or reject the hypothesis.

3.1. Study area

This study was carried out in a private business company dealing with house and road construction and electrical ware repair. It is located in Kigali City in Rwanda, precisely in Nyarugenge District. It employs 101 staff.

THE MAP OF THE CITY OF KIGALI

Etablissement Kazoza Justin et Compagnie

3.2. Research design

A research design represents a plan of how particular study should be conducted. It is concerned with the type of data that will be collected and the means used to obtain them (Nieswiadomy; 1993). (Oswala E.C, 2001:52) refer to research design as the overall plan to use and follow in answering the research questions. Thus it involves deciding on what type of research questions to use and the answers to them while considering the best way to gather data required for the study. This is a case study research. This refers to a method based on an in-depth investigation of a single individual, group, or phenomenon (Robert K. Yin: 2009). The researcher also used triangulation of both quantitative and qualitative research methods for collecting and analyzing data to describe and interpret it into information.

3.3. Study population

A research study population is also known as a well-defined collection of individuals or objects known to have similar characteristics. (Oswala E.C, 2001:55) refer to population as the number of persons or objects covered by the study or with which the study is concerned. In other words, it is a set of people or items under consideration in a study. In this research, all employees of the EKJ&CIE form the research population through which the sample was drawn from. The total population number was 105 employees among which four of them were top managers.

3.4. Sample and Sample size

A sample is a small group of cases drawn from and used to represent the large group or whole population under investigation. Therefore sample size is the number of people or objects in the selected sample (Manheim JB and Rich, 1999:448).

Sampling is the process of selecting elements from the total population in such a way that the sample elements selected represent the total population. Thus in research the sample should be a representation of the total population such that as much as possible, most characteristics of the population should be represented in the sample selected (Martin, E. Amin 2005:67). The researcher used two different samples according to the required data related to the objectives of the study. On one hand, the researcher purposively chose two of the top managers for interview in order to collect information related to the risk management plans used, challenges they face and the current trend of risk management. Any manager who would be available especially the risk operation manager was considered. On the other hand, the researcher made another sample drawn from the rest of employees from which he intended to get information related to the employees' awareness on risk management. This information was obtained from a distributed questionnaire to that sample which was obtained from this formula below:

n=N/1+N(e)2 whereby:

n= sample size; N= population; e= the level of precision.

The confidence interval or margin of error is 10% or .1 where as the confidence level is 90%

N= 101 e= 10% or 0.1 n= 101/1+ 101(0.1)2= 50.2 cases/respondents

To get that sample, the researcher had a list of all employees arranged in alphabetical order excluding 4 top managers. A systematic sampling method was used whereby a starting number was randomly chosen then an interval was determined by N/n=K. It is 101/50=2
the starting number was randomly chosen between 1 and 2, then each K+1 was picked up until all 50 names were found.

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