Le Grand Paris. How would this project generate an economic growth?

B-c The legal status of «Grand Paris»

To support the different projects which will be set up to create the Greater Paris, the parliament has voted different laws. Indeed the objectives of the project have been delimited through the law of Grand Paris, divided into five titles, composed by 29 articles.

The 1^st article describes the objectives and the functions of the project: creation of the new public transports network, to unify the different part of the Paris Ile-de-France territory, and develop the economy. The project is characterized as social and economic, and as the final goal to reduce the social disequilibrium between the different places, and control the expansion of the city⁷².

The first title is about the elaboration of tools and the implementation of the network of Grand Paris public transport. According to the Article 2 of the law, the new public transport infrastructure will be an automatic tube which will link the competitiveness centers⁷³.

The second title of the law is done to create «La Societé du Grand Paris». In order to achieve these missions, the article 7 of the law permits the creation of a public institution («Société du Grand Paris»). It will have the mission to create and elaborate the transit infrastructures of the Greater Paris project. The article 8 of the law describes the functioning of this new public institution. Indeed it declares that the board of directors of La Société du Grand Paris, will be controlled by a supervision council. According to the article 8 this public institution directory, will be composed by three members (Marc Veron has been elected as the president of the directory), and the supervision council is composed by MPs, representatives of the region council, and representatives of each departments of the region (the president elected of the supervision council is André Santini) ^74.

The third title is about how the public transports of the Greater Paris will be realized, and how it will
be run. Indeed, the Article 12 of the law shows that Société du Grand Paris will manage the
investments to build the automatic tube. According to the article 13, Société du Grand Paris is the

⁷² Assemblée Nationale, « Projet de Loi relatif au Grand Paris », Décembre 2009, P.P 3.

⁷³ Ibid P.P. 3

⁷⁴ Ibid P.P. 11-12

only institution which is allowed to designate the private or public institution which will realize the project.

The fourth title is about the territorial development of the region, by showing all the guarantees. Indeed the contracts done between Société du Grand Paris and the towns are quantitative and qualitative: they have to show how the project will affect the municipalities concerned by the public transports projects⁷⁵.

The fifth and last title of the law concerns the creation of a scientific centre named Paris-Saclay, in the south suburbs of Paris (Essone department). Indeed the article 20 permits the creation of a public institution «Etablissement public de Paris-Saclay», which has the objective to develop a world leading scientific centre⁷⁶.

Paris-Saclay according to the article 21 has to invest in infrastructures, to attract the implementations of companies, and high educated people. The public institution will have to find investors to develop this centre which will have to be considered as one of the best in the world. This centre will permit to generate an economy of innovation in Paris Ile-de-France⁷⁷.