ABSTRACT
This thesis whose title is "the sexual and reproductive
behaviours of women living under antiretroviral treatment in Cameroun ",
is the result of an academic work led to Yaounde. The choice of this city
was not made randomly but; because not only of its status of political
capital of Cameroun, but also because of its cosmopolitan character,
characterized by the presence of a population with heterogeneous culture,
sample of Cameroon in miniature.
This research is built on a starting report: the setting under
treatment antiretroviral booste to a certain extent the feminity of the
cameroonian HIV affected woman who does not always manage to find again her
status or to play her role as perceived in african social imaginary namely:
mother and wife.
Moreover, in spite of the policies of fight against pandemia
AIDS that are set up in Cameroon by public administation since the beginning
of the years 2000 with knowing: the charge taking of certain opportunist
infections treatment, the reduction of examination fees that precede the
antiretroviral treatment, the amountlesness of medical treatment, HIV women
always don't manage to evacuate certain constraints of economic, family,
social, cultural and religious order which, for some are more significant than
their health.
Thus, the main question of this research this way to know
what are stakes imply sexual and reproductive behaviours of women under
antiretroviral treatment in Cameron? We have expressed the hypothesis
according to which, in the field of the health of reproduction, the sexual and
reproductive behaviours of women under antiretroviral treatment may be
heterogeneous because of sociocultural, economical and religious bounds that
are preserve. To undertake this research, the qualitativ method has been
applied to collect, treat and analyze the data on the field.
The present analysis highlights the sexuals and reproductives
stakes that present social, economic, cultural and religeous risks from whith
it can be concluded that resistances of changes of behaviours by some of these
women who prefer to exist socially through their motherhood than living
medically. Morever, the biomedical speech of the medical staff in a certain
extent kicks aside the feminity of the african woman in general and that the
cameroonian woman in particular who prefers to exist socially. This is likely
to reinforce the stigmatization from these women run.
LISTE DES ABREVIATIONS, SIGLES ET ACRONYMES
AFASO : Association des femmes actives
et solidaires
AFSU : association des frères et
soeurs unis
ARV : antirétroviraux
AS : assistant(e) social(e)
AZT : zidovudine
CEAM : cercle d'entraide et d'assistance
des mères de la fondation Chantal BIYA
CMPY : centre médical de police
de Yaoundé
CNLS : Comité national de lutte
contre le SIDA
CTA : centre de traitement
agréé
FIV : fécondation in vitro
HCY : hôpital central de
Yaoundé
HDJ : hôpital du jour
HMY : hôpital militaire de
Yaoundé
IEC : information, éducation et
communication
IO : infection opportuniste
IST : infection sexuellement
transmissible
MSP : ministère de la
santé publique
MST : maladie sexuellement
transmissible
N-né : nouveau né
OEV : orphelins et enfants
vulnérables
ONG : organisation non
gouvernementale
ONU : organisation des nations unies
ONUSIDA : organisation des nations unies
pour le SIDA
PEC : prise en charge
PMA : procréation
médicalement assistée
PPTE : pays pauvre très
endetté
PTME : prévention de la
transmission de la mère à l'enfant
PVVIH : personne vivant avec le
VIH/SIDA
SIDA : syndrome
d'immunodéficience acquise
TAR : traitement
antirétroviral
UPEC : unité de prise en
charge
VIH : virus immunodéficience
humain
LISTE DES TABLEAUX
1-Tableau I : Distribution des personnes
interrogées................................................24
2- Tableau II : Distribution des enquêtées
(femmes séropositives) selon leurs âges ..........25
3- Tableau III : Distribution des enquêtées
(femmes séropositives) selon leurs régions
d'origine....................................................................................................25
4- Tableau IV : Distribution des enquêtées
(femmes séropositives) selon leurs catégories
socioéconomiques et
activités..........................................................................25
5- Tableau V : Distribution des enquêtées
(femmes séropositives) selon leurs nombres d'enfants en vie
...........................................................................................26
6- Tableau VI : Distribution des enquêtées
(femmes séropositives) selon leur état de grossesse au moment de
l'enquête.................................................................................26
7- Tableau VII : Distribution des enquêtées
(femmes séropositives) selon leurs
religions...................................................................................................26
8- Tableau VIII : Distribution des enquêtées
(femmes séropositives) selon leur situation
matrimoniale..............................................................................................27
9-Tableau IX : Critères
d'éligibilité à la prise en charge
thérapeutique..........................69
10-figure 1 : relation entre alimentation saine,
équilibrée et VIH.................................84
11-figure 2 : relation entre sous alimentation et
VIH...............................................84
SOMMAIRE
-Epigraphe...................................................................................................I
-Dédicace...................................................................................................II
-Remerciements..........................................................................................III
-Résumé.............................................................................................................IV
-Abstract....................................................................................................V
-Liste des abréviations, sigles et
acronymes...........................................................VI
-Liste des tableaux et
illustrations...................................................................VIII
-Sommaire.................................................................................................IX
INTRODUCTION.........................................................................................1
PREMIERE PARTIE : DE LA DECOUVERTE DU STATUT DE
SEROPOSITIVITE DES FEMMES A LEUR PRISE EN
CHARGE............................................................36
CHAPITRE I : CIRCONSTANCES DE DECOUVERTE DE LA
SEROPOSITIVITE DES FEMMES INFECTEES ET CONDUITES
OBSERVEES..........................................38
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