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A study of the birds in central Bangkok (Thailand) in order to implement the basis of a long term monitoring

( Télécharger le fichier original )
par Camille Calicis
Université de Gembloux Agro Bio-Tech - Master Bioingenieur en gestion des forêts et des espaces naturels 2014
  

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i

APPENDICES

APPENDIX 1: GAZETTEER OF THE GREEN PATCHES SAMPLED II

APPENDIX 2: BIRD LIST AND SEASONAL STATUS III

APPENDIX 3: PUNCTUAL RICHNESS COMPARED WITH THE RICHNESS OBSERVED IN THE MORNING AND IN THE AFTERNOON V

APPENDIX 4: COMPARISON BETWEEN THE PATCHES REGARDING THEIR ORNITHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS. VI

APPENDIX 5: CORRELATION MATRIX OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABLES VII

APPENDIX 6: COMPARISON BETWEEN THE PATCHES REGARDING THEIR ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS VIII

APPENDIX 1: GAZETTEER OF THE GREEN PATCHES SAMPLED

 
 

PATCH N°

Name

Type

Longitude

Latitude8

1

Somdet Saranrat Maneerom Park

Park

100.590320

13.742434

2

Benjasiri Park

Park

100.567424

13.730513

3

Chuvit Garden

Park

100.557054

13.738443

4

Benjakitti Park

Park

100.558569

13.729384

5

Santiphap Park

Park

100.541323

13.762778

6

Chatuchak Park

Park

100.553783

13.804674

7

Pathum Wanaram Temple

Temple

100.536832

13.746267

8

Phanphirom Park

Park

100.591922

13.751225

9

Romaneenaart Park

Park

100.502551

13.749001

10

Santichai Prakan Public Park

Park

100.495482

13.764088

11

Sanam Luang Park

Park

100.493086

13.755204

12

Saranrom Park

Park

100.495169

13.748316

13

Nagaraphirom Park

Park

100.490174

13.746893

14

No Name

(under Sirat Expressway)

Park

100.549435

13.757224

15

No Name

(under Chalerm Maha Nakhorn Expressway)

Park

100.544085

13.758199

16

Vibhavadi Rangsit Forest Park

Park

100.553345

13.772275

17

Rot Fai and Queen Sirikit Park

Park

100.553254

13.811215

18

Princess Mother Garden

Park

100.560002

13.814623

19

Next to BTS Sathorn

Park

100.514444

13.718354

20

Chaloemprakiarti Forest Park

Park

100.510479

13.719703

21

No Name

Next to BTS Thonburi (North)

Crossroad greenery

100.505818

13.721150

22

No Name

Next to BTS Thonburi (South)

Crossroad greenery

100.505906

13.720329

23

Tae Chio Cemetery

Cemetery

100.523947

13.714271

24

Lumphini Park

Park

100.541316

13.730972

25

Chulalongkorn University

University

100.530864

13.738592

ii

8 Longitude and Latitude are those of the approximate center of the green patches in decimal degrees

iii

APPENDIX 2: BIRD LIST AND SEASONAL STATUS

Seasonal status is indicated as follows (ROUND, 2008):

R= Resident or presumed resident

N= Non-breeding visitor

P= Passage Migrant

E= Presumed escaped captives (pers. obs.)

Kept for the analyses

Species Common english name Seasonal status

Acridotheres grandis White-vented Myna R

Acridotheres tristis Common Myna R

Aegithina tiphia Common Iora R

Amaurornis phoenicurus White-Breasted Waterhen R

Anastomus oscitans Asian Openbill R

Anthreptes malacensis Brown-Throated Sunbird R

Apus nipalensis House swift. R

Ardeola sp.9 Pond Heron sp. R

Butorides striata Little heron R

Cacomantis merulinus Plaintive Cuckoo R

Centropus sinensis Greater Coucal R

Columba livia Rock Pigeon R

Copsychus saularis Oriental Magpie Robin R

Coracias benghalensis Indian Roller R

Coracina melaschistos Black-winged Cuckooshrike N

Corvus macrorhynchos Large-Billed Crow R

Dicaeum cruentatum Scarlet-Backed Flowerpecker R

Dicrurus macrocercus Ashy Drongo N

Egretta garzetta Little Egret R

Eudynamys scolopaceus Asian Koel R

Ficedula albicilla Red-throated Flycatcher N

Garrulax leucolophus White-crested Laughingthrush E

Geopelia striata Zebra Dove R

Hirundo rustica Barn Swallow N

Lanius cristatus Brown Shrike N

Lonchura punctulata Scaly-breasted Munia R

9 The non-breeding plumage of the Javan, Chinese and Indian pond herons are similar and virtually indistinguishable in the field. Furthermore, some hybrids have been observed by local birdwatchers.

Megalaima haemacephala Coppersmith Barbet R

iv

Merops sp.10 Bee-eater sp. P

Muscicapa dauurica Asian Brown Flycatcher N

Muscicapa sibirica Dark-sided Flycatcher P

Nectarinia jugularis Olive-Backed Sunbird R

Ninox scutulata Brown Boobook N

Oriolus chinensis Black-Naped Oriole N

Orthotomus sutorius Common Tailorbird R

Passer domesticus House Sparrow R

Passer flaveolus Plain-backed Sparrow R

Passer montanus Eurasian Tree Sparrow R

Pericrocotus cinnamomeus Small Minivet R

Phylloscopus inornatus Yellow-Browed Warbler N

Psittacula alexandri Red-Breasted Parakeet E

Pycnonotus blanfordi Streak-Eared Bulbul R

Pycnonotus goiavier Yellow-Vented Bulbul R

Pycnonotus jocosus Red-Whiskered Bulbul E

Rhipidura javanica Pied Fantail R

Streptopelia chinensis Spotted Dove R

Streptopelia tranquebarica Red Collared Dove R

Sturnus contra Asian Pied Starling R

Sturnus nigrocollis Black-Collared Starling R

Treron sp.11 Green Pigeon sp. E

10 Too far to be well identified. Presumed as being Merops philippinus (Blue-tailed Bee-eater)

11 Too far to be well identified. Presumed as being Treron curvirostra (Thick-billed Green Pigeon)

V

APPENDIX 3: PUNCTUAL RICHNESS COMPARED WITH THE RICHNESS OBSERVED IN THE MORNING AND IN THE AFTERNOON

Patch n°

 

Punctual Richness

 
 
 

Morning

 
 

Afternoon

 

Average

S. D.

Minimum

Maximum

Average

S. D.

Minimum

Maximum

Average

S. D.

Minimum

Maximum

1

14.3

1.75

11

16

15.0

1.00

14

16

13.7

2.31

11

15

2

14.0

0.89

13

15

14.3

0.58

14

15

13.7

1.15

13

15

3

14.0

1.79

11

16

15.3

0.58

15

16

12.7

1.53

11

14

4

20.5

2.43

17

24

22.3

1.53

21

24

18.7

1.53

17

20

5

17.3

1.97

15

19

19.0

0.00

19

19

15.7

1.15

15

17

6

22.2

1.60

20

24

22.3

1.53

21

24

22.0

2.00

20

24

7

12.7

1.86

10

15

12.7

2.52

10

15

12.7

1.53

11

14

8

11.2

1.47

10

14

12.0

1.73

11

14

10.3

0.58

10

11

9

12.5

2.66

9

16

14.7

1.15

14

16

10.3

1.53

9

12

10

14.2

1.60

11

15

15.0

0.00

15

15

13.3

2.08

11

15

11

11.5

2.26

8

14

12.7

1.53

11

14

10.3

2.52

8

13

12

13.2

1.72

11

16

14.3

1.53

13

16

12.0

1.00

11

13

13

7.2

0.98

6

8

8.0

0.00

8

8

6.3

0.58

6

7

14

14.0

1.41

12

16

15.0

1.00

14

16

13.0

1.00

12

14

15

8.8

2.48

6

13

10.7

2.08

9

13

7.0

1.00

6

8

16

12.0

2.10

9

15

13.7

1.15

13

15

10.3

1.15

9

11

17

26.5

1.22

25

28

26.7

1.53

25

28

26.3

1.15

25

27

18

7.2

1.17

6

9

8.0

1.00

7

9

6.3

0.58

6

7

19

9.5

1.64

7

11

10.3

0.58

10

11

8.7

2.08

7

11

20

8.7

2.66

6

12

11.0

1.00

10

12

6.3

0.58

6

7

21

5.8

1.83

4

9

7.0

2.00

5

9

4.7

0.58

4

5

22

4.8

1.72

3

7

5.0

1.73

4

7

4.7

2.08

3

7

23

15.5

1.22

14

17

16.3

1.15

15

17

14.7

0.58

14

15

24

20.5

1.87

18

23

20.3

1.53

19

22

20.7

2.52

18

23

25

13.8

1.17

12

15

13.7

1.53

12

15

14.0

1.00

13

15

vi

APPENDIX 4: COMPARISON BETWEEN THE CHARACTERISTICS.

 

PATCHES REGARDING THEIR ORNITHOLOGICAL

Patch

bird_R

Total sum of
Abundance scores

Average

Abundance score

Shannon
Index

CSI

1

18

54

3.2

2.764

0.616

2

19

51

3.2

2.663

0.435

3

19

57

3.2

2.756

0.476

4

25

65

2.6

3.018

0.807

5

23

60

2.7

2.875

0.655

6

26

69

2.8

2.990

0.828

7

16

51

3.2

2.513

0.407

8

17

49

2.7

2.574

0.743

9

17

51

3.0

2.508

0.534

10

18

61

3.4

2.583

0.512

11

15

45

3.0

2.312

0.451

12

19

57

3.0

2.552

0.512

13

12

40

3.3

2.069

0.389

14

17

55

3.2

2.406

0.438

15

15

41

2.7

2.128

0.414

16

15

44

2.9

2.189

0.388

17

31

88

2.8

2.978

1.128

18

12

37

3.1

1.913

0.399

19

16

49

3.1

2.205

0.436

20

15

37

2.5

2.025

0.540

21

10

33

3.3

1.698

0.337

22

9

29

3.2

1.559

0.290

23

21

63

3.0

2.425

0.660

24

24

72

3.0

2.554

0.782

25

20

58

2.9

2.253

0.542

vii

APPENDIX 5: CORRELATION MATRIX OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL VARIABLES

Cell content: Pearson's correlation (P-value) Highlighted: correlated variables (>0.7)

AREA

AREA

1

WCON

SFACTOR

WOOD

HERB

WATE

CONC

nLC

SHANL

X

Y

X2

Y2

XY

X2Y

XY2

X2+Y2

 

WCON

0.135732

1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

SFACTOR

0.262775

0.52926

1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

T

-0.2771

-0.23593

-0.44805

1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

H

0.285552

0.441068

0.466348

-0.64643

1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

W

0.380991

0.005337

0.191331

-0.35113

-0.10492

1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

C

-0.18488

-0.10499

0.044278

-0.5801

-0.01223

-0.10255

1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

nLC

0.221454

0.050828

0.518043

-0.65548

0.226946

0.335523

0.510409

1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

SHANL

0.384442

0.054317

0.503373

-0.82851

0.436065

0.404938

0.494844

0.880369

1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

X

0.180658

0.179194

0.293032

-0.13948

-0.06559

0.502741

-0.10811

0.329612

0.379773

1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

Y

0.33663

0.542504

0.422484

-0.07662

0.191201

0.016192

-0.09327

0.219783

0.156515

0.282855

1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 

X2

0.180614

0.179171

0.292999

-0.13951

-0.06558

0.502736

-0.10807

0.32961

0.379793

1

0.282844

1

 
 
 
 
 
 

Y2

0.337018

0.542869

0.422473

-0.07638

0.191281

0.016144

-0.09369

0.219376

0.156143

0.282869

0.999999

0.282858

1

 
 
 
 
 

XY

0.345552

0.541243

0.442938

-0.09234

0.172704

0.085725

-0.10392

0.255137

0.201966

0.409065

0.990947

0.409054

0.990949

1

 
 
 
 

X2Y

0.348224

0.53183

0.454423

-0.10498

0.153543

0.14652

-0.11184

0.282811

0.239478

0.515537

0.967697

0.515527

0.967701

0.992784

1

 
 
 

XY2

0.342356

0.543469

0.43392

-0.08459

0.182216

0.051828

-0.09938

0.237973

0.179775

0.348254

0.997624

0.348243

0.997626

0.997841

0.982765

1

 
 

X2+Y2

0.214244

0.237966

0.332403

-0.14306

-0.03954

0.483911

-0.11503

0.342731

0.383126

0.993136

0.3931

0.993135

0.393113

0.512986

0.61222

0.455505

1

 

X3

0.18057

0.179148

0.292965

-0.13955

-0.06556

0.502731

-0.10804

0.329608

0.379812

1

0.282833

1

0.282847

0.409043

0.515517

0.348232

0.993134

 

Y3

0.337406

0.543234

0.422461

-0.07615

0.191361

0.016096

-0.0941

0.218969

0.155771

0.282884

0.999997

0.282872

0.999999

0.990949

0.967703

0.997626

0.393127

0.

X3+Y3

0.185507

0.187659

0.29881

-0.14016

-0.06191

0.500477

-0.10913

0.331742

0.380597

0.999862

0.298736

0.999862

0.29875

0.424153

0.529688

0.363765

0.994941

0.

WOOD

Patch n° AREA WCON SFACTOR 0 ER ÿ SHANL Y3 X3+Y3 ON

HERB

WATE

CONC

viii

APPENDIX 6: COMPARISON BETWEEN THE PATCHES REGARDING THEIR ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS

1

31630

1.92E-04

1.311

41

9

20

30

1.266

2595.32

1020410

2

43382

3.67E-04

1.343

55

6

15

24

1.122

2588.57

1019708

3

9849

5.49E-04

1.175

63

12

1

23

0.945

2593.06

1019398

4

247213

3.60E-04

1.266

28

3

52

18

1.097

2587.93

1019439

5

32738

3.29E-04

1.804

58

6

9

28

1.057

2606.86

1018935

6

284069

6.59E-02

2.231

16

54

11

20

1.185

2630.74

1019336

7

47085

4.54E-04

1.182

52

0

2

46

0.785

2597.49

1018789

8

23209

1.92E-04

1.377

35

23

9

32

1.292

2600.30

1020463

9

42631

2.66E-04

1.242

67

7

3

24

0.896

2599.04

1017751

10

14217

2.52E-04

1.369

46

13

2

39

1.071

2607.61

1017546

11

114859

2.29E-04

1.376

26

55

0

20

1.001

2602.56

1017468

12

39042

3.19E-04

1.062

70

5

5

20

0.867

2598.65

1017527

13

7805

2.81E-04

1.056

19

20

2

59

1.034

2597.85

1017375

14

39005

3.36E-04

1.180

35

15

11

39

1.268

2603.71

1019178

15

16701

3.29E-04

1.263

79

7

0

14

0.653

2604.26

1019016

16

22681

3.76E-04

1.858

75

1

16

8

0.754

2612.26

1019305

17

835221

2.99E-04

1.582

50

21

14

14

1.228

2634.48

1019324

18

11964

2.25E-02

1.066

86

0

1

14

0.439

2636.44

1019531

19

9920

3.96E-03

1.638

49

12

0

39

0.997

2581.70

1018095

20

30445

3.38E-04

1.336

52

2

0

46

0.767

2582.46

1017975

21

2929

2.74E-04

0.862

100

0

0

0

0.000

2583.28

1017835

22

3546

3.67E-04

0.783

100

0

0

0

0.000

2582.82

1017837

23

146990

3.05E-04

1.459

41

47

2

9

1.023

2579.40

1018380

24

586824

3.08E-04

1.217

44

14

18

24

1.289

2588.83

1018916

25

118390

2.69E-04

1.287

51

16

5

28

1.132

2593.14

1018604

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