Abstract
From the official launching of the activities of the CEMAC on
the 25th of june 1999, in equatorial guinea, the states members fixed
themselves the major goal of building a common and competitive market
based on the free circulation of persons and goods in order to give
themselves a better capacity to create riches and get inserted into the world's
economy. Despite the progress made, it is important to note that the free
circulation of persons and goods is not very effective. This failure puts to
light a mitigated balance, that can be seen through the non realization of the
fixed objectives by the new sub regional institution and the weakness of the
community spirit. Also, the existence of a protectional vague desire and of
the malfunctions of the financial mechanism have considerably
reduced the depth of the interrogatory projects.
The observers of the sub regional integration process in
central Africa have the tendency to point a finger at the absence of political
will the explain the backwardness. Far from refusing this thesis, in the past
years, CEMAC has taken strong engagements to make free circulation of persons
and goods effective. In the mean time, nevertheless the are some heaviness on
the political will of the states members of the CEMAC and goes against the
efforts made for the free circulation. Concretely, these obstacles are
structural and manifest themselves by a deficit in of good governance in a
context of generalised corruption. These odds are equally linked to conjuncture
that contributed either to weaken the states of central Africa or to enhance
competitions and quarrels in the community. On the other hand,
socio-anthropological factors are contributing to draw back the sub regional
integration dynamism.
In this light, some scenarios can be made as to if effective
or not the free circulation in the CEMAC zone is. The «pessimistic»
scenario of the free circulation on the «break down»; the
«realistic scenario» which shows a progressive
effective circulation and the «optimistic» scenario, which gives
way to an effective free circulation. In addition, the «realistic»
scenario, which is the most plausible, can only be realised if the states
members of the CEMAC zone overcome some defies. The first of these
challenges is about rehabilitating the community spirit in the sub region in
order to get a better overview of the benefits of integration. Next, the
obvious following point is about multiplying the practice of good governance
trough the building up and the use of convincing mechanisms and the
harmonization of the budgetary policies. Last but not the least, it will just
be logical to replace the people at the heart of the integration process, this
can be made through a better implication of the private sector and of the civil
society in the community initiatives.
Key words: Sub regional integration,
free circulation, community, market, goods, persons, heaviness, perspectives,
world «conjuncture» good governance
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