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The role of supply and use/input output tables in the perspective analysis of economic development of Rwanda with example

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par Jean Baptiste HABYARIMANA
National University of Rwanda - Bachelors degree in Applied Statistics  2010
  

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REFFERENCES

Brody A. & Carter A.P., 1971, Input-Output Techniques, Geneva

Bulmer-Thomas V.,1982, Input-Output Analysis in Developing Countries, Queen Mary College, London University.

Claire Grelet TERRIOU, 2005, La nouvelle comptabilité ; 2nd Edition, Imprimerie Floch; France.

Eurostat, 2002, The ESA-95 Input-Output Manual. Compilation and Analysis. (Luxembourg, Eurostat).

Grahan Pyatt, 1988, A SAM Approach to modeling, Journal of Policy Modeling, University of Warwick.

------------------, 1999, Some Relationships Between T-Accounts, Inout-Ouput Tables and Social Accounting Matrices : Economic System Research, Vol. 11, No. 4,

htt://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/logistic_regression reached on 16th September 2010.

htt://www.docstoc.com/docs/48810565/RWANDA--Kigali, Accessed on 28th September 2010.

Htt://www.undp.org.rw/Poverty_Reduction.html, Accessed on 28th September 2010.

Jan W. Van Tongeren and Bertha Vallejo, 2007, Course : Macro Accounting I. Macro Accounting for Policy Analysis, NUR, Rwand.

Jean-Paul Azan, Gerard C., Patrick and Slyviane G., 1989, The Impact of Macroeconomics Policies on the Rural Poor :Analytical Framework and Indicators, UN Publication, New York, USA

Jean-Paul PIROU, 2006, La comptabilité nationale,14th Edition. Europa Media Duplication à Lassay-les-château. Paris, France.

John RWIRAHIRA, 2008, Rwanda agriculture Sector Situational Analysis : An IPAR Sector Review.

José M. Rueda-Cantuche, Jörg Beutel, Frederik Neuwahl, Andreas Löschel, Ignazio Mongelli, 2005, A Symmetric Input-Output Table for EU27: Latest Progress

KAREN Wilson, 2004, The Architecture of the System of National Accounts: A three-way international comparison Canada, Australia and the United Kingdom.

Leontief W., 1936, Quantitative input and output Relations in the economic system of the united states, Review of economic Statistics.

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Manfred Lenzen, 2006, Structural Path Analysis of Ecosystem Networks: Ecological Modelling, Elsevier, Australia.

Nicolas C,Vincent K, Bruno T, 2005, Economic Forecasting, London, United Kingdom.

Republic of Rwanda, September 2007, Economic Development and Poverty Reduction Strategy, Rwanda

--------------------------, NISR, 26/March/2010, GDP Annual Estimates for 2009 based on 2006 banchmark. Kigali, Rwanda

--------------------------, USAID, NUR, and World Health Organization, June 2008, National Health Accounts Rwanda 2006: With HIV/AIDS, Malaria, and reproductive Health Sub-Accounts, Rwanda.

--------------------------, NISR, 2009, Statistical Yearbook 2009 Edition, Kigali, Rwanda

Rueda-Cantuche, J.M. (2007) Stochastic Input-Output Analysis Applied to the Andalusian Economy, (Seville, Institute of Statistics of Andalusia) [in Spanish; English version available upon request to the author], in press.

Todaro P. Michael & Smith C. Stephen, 2006, Economic Development, 9th Edition, Pearson Education Limited, New York, USA

Steven J. Keunig, 1996, Accounting for Economic Development and Social Change, Los Press, Amsterdam, Oxford, Tokyo

ten Raa, T. and Rueda-Cantuche, J.M. (2007) Stochastic Analysis of Input-Output Multipliers on the basis of Use and Make Matrices, Review of Income and Wealth.

United Nations,1993, Integrated Environmental and economic accounting (Interim version).Study in Methods , Series F ,No 61 (United Nations New York)

---------------------, Eurostat, International Monetary Fund, Organization for economic Cooperation and Development, and World Bank, 1993,System of National Accounts 1993,Series F,No2,Rev 4 (United Nations, New York etc..)

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APPENDICES

Figure 1. Appendices: From Supply and Use tables to Input-Output Tables

Supply Table

Use Table

Production Matrix

Use table for Imports

Use table for Domestic output

Transformation of Supply and Use Tables to Symmetric Input-Output Table

Technology Assumption

Assumption of fixed sales structure

Model A Production Technology Assumption

Model B Industry Technology Assumption

Model C Fixed Industry Sales Assumption

Model D Fixed Product sales Structure Assumption

Product by Product Input-Output Tables

Industry by Industry Input-Output Tables

Source: José M. Rueda-Cantuche, Jörg Beutel, Frederik Neuwahl, Andreas Löschel, Ignazio Mongelli, 2005, A Symmetric Input-Output Table for EU27: Latest Progress: 20.

Table 1. Appendices: Transformation of make and use matrices into symmetric input-output tables

 

MODEL A

Product by Product

Product technology based

MODEL B

Product by Product

Industry technology based

MODEL C

Industry by Industry

Fixed Industry sales structure

MDEL D

Industry by Industry

Fixed Product sales structure

Input Coefficients

AA(U,V) = UV-T

AB(U,V)= U(diag(Ve))-1V(diag(VTe))-1

AC(U,V) = diag(Ve)V-TU(diag(Ve))-1

AD(U,V) = V(diag(VTe))-1U(diag(Ve))-1

Intermediates

ZA = AA(U,V)diag(VTe)

ZB = AB(U,V)diag(VTe)

Zc = AC(U,V)diag(Ve)

ZD = AD(U,V)diag(Ve)

Final Demand

FA = Y

FB = Y

FC = diag(Ve)V-TY

FD = V(diag(VTe))-1Y

Value Added

VAA = WV-Tdiag(VTe)

VAB = W(diag(Ve))-1V

VAC = W

VAD = W

Output

qA = (I-AA(U,V))-1FAe

qB = (I - AB(U,V))-1FBe

gC = (I-AC(U,V))-1FCe

gD = (I-AD(U,V))-1FDe

Negatives

YES

NO

YES

NO

Legend for the transformation of make and use tables into input-output tables at basic prices A= Technical Coefficients Matrix Y = Matrix for Final demand by Product and Category VT = Supply Matrix W = Matrix of Value added by component and by Industry U = Use Matrix e = Column Vector of Ones Note: T will denote transposition and -1 inverse of matrix. Since the two operations commute, their composition may be denoted -T. Also, diag will denote diagonalization whether by suppression of the off-diagonal elements of a square matrix or by placement of the elements of a vector

Source: José M. Rueda-Cantuche, Jörg Beutel, Frederik Neuwahl, Andreas Löschel, Ignazio Mongelli, 2005, A Symmetric Input-Output Table for EU27: Latest Progress: 21 Table 2. Appendices: Input-Output Table Set in the Form of a Social Accounting Matrix

(i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v)

Domestic Production Institutions

Products Activities Factor Services Domestic RoW TOTALS

Domestic Production Use of Raw Dom. Final Export of goods Demand (i) Products Materials Demand (market & non Factors for Products . Prices) Services (f.o.b) market prices

(ii) Activities Gross Out- Gross output . . Puts of products . (Producer (producer . Price ) price)

(iii)Factor Services Payments for Demand for . Factor services fact. services . . . (including VAT) market prices

Institutions I. Taxes on I. Taxes on Factor services Factor income Total income (iv)Domestic Products + activities + supplied plus received from generated by . . . import operating surplus VAT receipt abroad contributions . . . duties of Government or production

(v)Rest of the World Import of Factor income Total domestic . . . goods and paid abroad expenditure on . . . . non-factor and imports of foreign goods . services factor services and services . . . (c.i.f)

TOTALS Supply of Gross outputs total supply of Total expenditure Total foreign . products at of products factor services on production expenditure . market valued at pro- at market prices at market prices on domestic . . prices ducer prices goods &services

Source: Grahan Pyatt, 1988, A SAM Approach to modeling, Journal of Policy Modeling, University of Warwick.

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