ABSTRACT
The Nkongsamba's city, created in the 1900s, developed rapidly
to the point of ranking as the third city of Cameroon in the 1960s. Thanks to
the possibility of exporting robusta coffee, the region became first producer
and quickly reached its development. Unfortunately, this boom did not last,
because today this city is more dilapidated than dilapidated, due to its almost
nonexistent economy and the buildings of another age still current, without
renovation. It is above all the advanced state of degradation of the district
of the old train station, which led us to glimpse the renovation of an urban
fabric of this scope through ecological architecture backed by bamboo. After
analysis of the urban landscape of the city of Nkongsamba, then of the site of
the old goods station, finally the environmental potential offered by the
locality, we note that the city requires urban revitalization and renovation,
in order to meet the requirements of urban development sustainable (at a time
when the effects of the climate crisis are being felt on a global scale), and
on the other hand highlighting the tourist and environmental potential of the
city, through an ecological and innovative architecture, focused on a little
material common but exceptional, bamboo. This brings us to our objective, that
of designing an urban renovation project for the Nkongsamba railway station
district, based on the principles of ecological architecture, focused on the
potential of structural bamboo. Therefore, he asked himself a fundamental
question, how to renovate the urban fabric of the station in Nkongsamba through
an architecture based on bamboo? Hypothetically, we have proposed the
principles of ecological architecture, those of sustainable development and the
properties of bamboo in construction, as an element of response to the problem
raised above. To verify this reflection, a survey of a target population was
necessary, as well as a rigorous and applied documentary research in ecological
architecture, sustainable development, analysis of the city of Nkongsamba and
properties of bamboo. It was only after this research and data processing that
we affirmed that the station district deserves a renovation following the
principles of the sustainable city and that bamboo is presented as a material
with multiple uses, and that it can enhance the tourism potential of the city
of Nkongsamba, while generating income, promoting socialization and respecting
the environment. However, much remains to be done in the training of
professionals, and the production of bamboo, and awareness of the populations
on the benefits and prowess of such a material., Propose an innovative
ecological architecture, promote the sustainable development of environments
respecting the environment, improving the urban composition, opening up a field
of perspectives on bamboo (material interesting in several fields), these are
the themes that motivated us, hence the renovation of an urban heritage fabric,
by public spaces and positive energy buildings, built almost entirely in
bamboo.
Key words: eco-architecture, urban renovation, town planning,
bamboo, Nkongsamba.
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SOMMAIRE
DEDICACE 2
REMERCIEMENTS 3
RESUME 4
ABSTRACT 5
LISTE DES FIGURES ET ILLUSTRATIONS 8
LISTE DES SIGLES ET ABREVIATIONS 12
INTRODUCTION GENERALE 13
PREMIERE PARTIE : CONTEXTE THEORICO-EMPIRIQUE DE
L'ECO
ARCHITECTURE ET LA RENOVATION URBAINE. 25
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