II. La méthode des "k-means"
II.1 La classification en C.S.E de la population
urbaine
L'application de la méthode des "k-means" sur la
population urbaine a donné les résultats regroupés dans
les tableaux 9. et 10. suivants :
Tableau 9. : La distribution de la population urbaine en
classes obtenues par la méthode de "k-means"
Classes
|
Effectifs
|
Fréquences
|
Cla_1
|
309
|
3.61%
|
Cla_2
|
91
|
1.06%
|
Cla_3
|
427
|
4.99%
|
Cla_4
|
80
|
0.94%
|
Cla_5
|
6903
|
80.70%
|
Cla_6
|
320
|
3.74%
|
Cla_7
|
33
|
0.39%
|
Cla_8
|
16
|
0.19%
|
Cla_9
|
375
|
4.38%
|
Total
|
8554
|
100%
|
|
Source: E.N.N.V.M. 90/91,
Direction de la Statistique
D'après le tableau -9-, on constate que la classe
-5- regroupe 80.7% des individus de l'échantillon qui résident en
milieu urbain. La méthode des "k-means" donne des classes à
faible effectif à savoir la classe-8-, la classe-7-, la classe-3- et la
classe-2-.
Dans cette description on va étudier les
caractéristiques socio-économiques et socio-démographiques
de chacune de ces classes obtenues.
Tableau 10. : Les caractéristiques
socio-économiques et socio-démographiques de la population
urbaine par classe obtenue à l'aide de la méthode des
"k-means"
|
|
Cla_1
|
Cla_2
|
Cla_3
|
Cla_4
|
Cla_5
|
Cla_6
|
Cla_7
|
Cla_8
|
Cla_9
|
LPCM
|
CM
|
59.22
|
63.74
|
52.69
|
82.5
|
9.91
|
57.81
|
54.55
|
12.5
|
61.07
|
|
Epou_CM
|
10.03
|
6.59
|
4.68
|
6.25
|
14.76
|
16.25
|
9.09
|
43.75
|
2.67
|
|
Enf_CM
|
26.21
|
17.58
|
21.78
|
8.75
|
60.76
|
21.56
|
33.33
|
43.75
|
29.33
|
|
Par_CM
|
0.32
|
1.1
|
0.47
|
0
|
2.14
|
0.31
|
0
|
0
|
0.27
|
|
Pers_A_L
|
3.88
|
9.89
|
4.92
|
2.5
|
11.46
|
3.75
|
3.03
|
0
|
5.87
|
|
Pers_S_A
|
0.32
|
0
|
3.28
|
0
|
0.87
|
0.31
|
0
|
0
|
0.8
|
|
Domes
|
0
|
1.1
|
12.18
|
0
|
0.1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Sexe_ind
|
Masculin
|
75.08
|
71.43
|
65.34
|
87.5
|
41.26
|
71.56
|
78.79
|
25
|
90.93
|
|
Féminin
|
24.92
|
28.57
|
34.66
|
12.5
|
58.74
|
28.44
|
21.21
|
75
|
9.07
|
Sit_ famil
|
Célibataire
|
27.83
|
21.98
|
39.81
|
8.75
|
68.65
|
26.88
|
36.36
|
37.5
|
33.07
|
|
Marié
|
67.96
|
64.84
|
47.31
|
83.75
|
24.86
|
68.44
|
57.58
|
56.25
|
60.27
|
|
Divorcé
|
2.27
|
4.4
|
7.73
|
1.25
|
1.75
|
3.75
|
6.06
|
6.25
|
4.53
|
|
Veuf
|
1.94
|
8.79
|
5.15
|
6.25
|
4.74
|
0.94
|
0
|
0
|
2.13
|
Sexe_C.M.
|
Masc
|
89
|
78.02
|
81.5
|
91.25
|
82.54
|
91.56
|
84.85
|
75
|
88
|
|
Fémi
|
11
|
21.98
|
18.5
|
8.75
|
17.46
|
8.44
|
15.15
|
25
|
12
|
L_naiss
|
Urbain
|
69.9
|
54.95
|
53.86
|
62.5
|
77.43
|
79.69
|
66.67
|
50
|
56
|
|
Rural
|
27.18
|
45.05
|
45.2
|
35
|
22.03
|
18.44
|
30.3
|
50
|
43.2
|
|
Etranger
|
2.91
|
0
|
0.94
|
2.5
|
0.54
|
1.88
|
3.03
|
0
|
0.8
|
Br_activ
|
S_activité
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
84.43
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Agr_for_Pê
|
0
|
100
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
51.52
|
100
|
0
|
|
Industrie
|
9.71
|
0
|
5.39
|
30
|
6.82
|
4.38
|
12.12
|
0
|
0.53
|
|
BTP
|
2.27
|
0
|
0.7
|
1.25
|
2.22
|
0.94
|
0
|
0
|
0.27
|
|
Commerce
|
3.24
|
0
|
0.94
|
17.5
|
0.45
|
1.25
|
9.09
|
0
|
97.6
|
|
Réparation
|
0.65
|
0
|
0.23
|
5
|
1.06
|
0.31
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
S_P_Domes
|
0
|
0
|
44.73
|
2.5
|
0
|
0.31
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
S_S_F_Coll
|
2.91
|
0
|
2.11
|
3.75
|
0.04
|
59.69
|
3.03
|
0
|
0.27
|
|
Trans_Commu
|
35.92
|
0
|
0
|
1.25
|
0
|
0.63
|
6.06
|
0
|
0.27
|
|
Admini_génér
|
37.22
|
0
|
28.34
|
1.25
|
0.38
|
28.44
|
18.18
|
0
|
0
|
|
Autr_servi
|
7.12
|
0
|
17.33
|
37.5
|
0
|
4.06
|
0
|
0
|
1.07
|
|
Acti_m_désig
|
0.97
|
0
|
0.23
|
0
|
4.61
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Prof
|
Prof_Sci_Lib
|
1.29
|
0
|
1.17
|
11.25
|
0.13
|
87.5
|
9.09
|
0
|
0.53
|
|
Pers_Comm
|
0.97
|
0
|
0.23
|
26.25
|
0.22
|
0.63
|
0
|
0
|
94.93
|
|
Pers_Admini
|
72.17
|
0
|
0.7
|
17.5
|
0
|
5.31
|
3.03
|
0
|
0.27
|
|
Tr_S_ds_serv
|
2.59
|
0
|
85.25
|
10
|
0
|
2.81
|
9.09
|
0
|
0
|
|
Ag_pers_assi
|
0
|
100
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
48.48
|
100
|
0
|
|
O_M_N_Agr
|
22.98
|
0
|
12.65
|
35
|
10.71
|
3.75
|
30.3
|
0
|
4.27
|
|
Ch1
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
4.52
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Inactifs
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
84.43
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
Sit_prof
|
Salariés
|
92.23
|
51.65
|
84.54
|
10
|
7.32
|
96.25
|
90.91
|
0
|
12.27
|
|
Indép.
|
5.83
|
43.96
|
10.54
|
15
|
1.71
|
2.81
|
6.06
|
0
|
74.67
|
|
Employ
|
0
|
4.4
|
0
|
72.5
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Sit_autr_act
|
1.94
|
0
|
4.92
|
2.5
|
6.53
|
0.94
|
3.03
|
100
|
13.07
|
|
Situ_Inact
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
84.44
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
D_cla_fréq
|
Aucun
|
11.65
|
60.44
|
42.86
|
25
|
42.5
|
5.31
|
51.52
|
68.75
|
40.8
|
|
Prim
|
17.48
|
16.48
|
27.17
|
21.25
|
29.99
|
5.94
|
9.09
|
12.5
|
25.87
|
|
Secon
|
53.72
|
9.89
|
22.72
|
20
|
21.82
|
51.25
|
27.27
|
18.75
|
19.73
|
|
Sup
|
10.36
|
1.1
|
1.17
|
21.25
|
2.58
|
35.63
|
6.06
|
0
|
1.33
|
|
Cl_autres
|
6.8
|
12.09
|
6.09
|
12.5
|
3.11
|
1.88
|
6.06
|
0
|
12.27
|
|
Tableau 10. : Suite
|
|
Cla_1
|
Cla_2
|
Cla_3
|
Cla_4
|
Cla_5
|
Cla_6
|
Cla_7
|
Cla_8
|
Cla_9
|
P_h_dip
|
Auc_dip
|
31.07
|
89.01
|
73.07
|
56.25
|
74.59
|
11.88
|
66.67
|
81.25
|
77.07
|
|
CEP
|
25.57
|
6.59
|
14.29
|
11.25
|
14.39
|
8.44
|
12.12
|
12.5
|
11.2
|
|
CES
|
22.33
|
2.2
|
7.96
|
7.5
|
7.37
|
19.38
|
3.03
|
6.25
|
6.67
|
|
Bac_équiv
|
6.8
|
0
|
0.94
|
5
|
2.16
|
11.25
|
0
|
0
|
2.93
|
|
Dip_for_prof
|
7.77
|
1.1
|
3.51
|
0
|
0.87
|
21.88
|
12.12
|
0
|
1.6
|
|
dip_cdr_Moy
|
0.32
|
0
|
0
|
1.25
|
0
|
11.88
|
0
|
0
|
0
|
|
Dip_univer
|
6.15
|
1.1
|
0.23
|
18.75
|
0.62
|
15.31
|
6.06
|
0
|
0.53
|
Niv_pauv
|
Pauvre
|
2.91
|
10.99
|
7.03
|
2.5
|
8.78
|
0.63
|
6.06
|
0
|
8.8
|
|
Non pauvre
|
97.09
|
89.01
|
92.97
|
97.5
|
91.22
|
99.38
|
93.94
|
100
|
91.2
|
tr_âges
|
0_14ans
|
0
|
0
|
5.39
|
0
|
40.81
|
0
|
3.03
|
6.25
|
2.13
|
|
15_24ans
|
6.15
|
13.19
|
20.61
|
2.5
|
24.21
|
4.69
|
18.18
|
25
|
21.33
|
|
25_44ans
|
61.81
|
29.67
|
49.88
|
48.75
|
19.7
|
71.56
|
36.36
|
37.5
|
36.53
|
|
45_59ans
|
28.48
|
30.77
|
19.44
|
36.25
|
8.07
|
20.63
|
39.39
|
12.5
|
23.47
|
|
60 et plus
|
3.56
|
26.37
|
4.68
|
12.5
|
7.21
|
3.13
|
3.03
|
18.75
|
16.53
|
cal_dép
|
dep<=2306 DH
|
1.94
|
6.59
|
3.28
|
1.25
|
4.55
|
0.31
|
0
|
0
|
4
|
|
de 2307 à 2934
|
1.62
|
6.59
|
5.62
|
1.25
|
6.3
|
0.31
|
9.09
|
0
|
6.67
|
|
de 2935 à 3529
|
1.94
|
5.49
|
4.68
|
2.5
|
5.91
|
0
|
6.06
|
18.75
|
5.6
|
|
de 3530 à 4177
|
3.56
|
12.09
|
7.03
|
0
|
8.63
|
2.81
|
9.09
|
6.25
|
8.53
|
|
de 4178 à 5064
|
6.15
|
14.29
|
6.09
|
6.25
|
9.49
|
2.5
|
6.06
|
12.5
|
10.4
|
|
de 5065 à 6001
|
9.39
|
9.89
|
8.43
|
10
|
11.56
|
3.44
|
15.15
|
12.5
|
13.6
|
|
de 6002 à 7303
|
10.03
|
12.09
|
7.73
|
10
|
11.91
|
6.25
|
6.06
|
18.75
|
9.07
|
|
de 7304 à 9062
|
9.71
|
8.79
|
10.07
|
10
|
12.07
|
9.38
|
15.15
|
12.5
|
10.4
|
|
de 9063 à 12438
|
13.92
|
5.49
|
16.63
|
7.5
|
14.53
|
18.75
|
12.12
|
0
|
12.8
|
|
dép>=12438 DH
|
41.75
|
18.68
|
30.44
|
51.25
|
15.05
|
56.25
|
21.21
|
18.75
|
18.93
|
|
| 
