Target Population and
Sample Size
|
Population Category
|
Population
|
Sample size
|
|
Travelling criminals
|
38
|
14
|
|
Ministry of East Africa
|
8
|
4
|
|
Rwandan Immigration Office
|
12
|
7
|
|
Police staff
|
23
|
16
|
|
Total
|
79
|
41
|
3.5 Sampling Procedure
In this study, respondents were sampled using purposive
sampling. This method were used since the issue under investigation is critical
and needs people who have rich knowledge and experience about the crimes that
cross the border. As a procedure, cases of education level, experience and
knowledge regarding issues concerning crimes will be considered. The
availability was administered during data collection and also considered as a
way of sampling respondents through purposive sampling technique. Alongside the
present study, it has been necessary for the researcher to determine the
profile of respondents. The researcher determined the gender, age group,
educational level, marital status and the nationality of the respondents.
Before answering research questions, this study determined the profile of
respondents. This was done in regard to respondents' gender, age groups,
education level, marital status and their nationality. The findings regarding
the profile of respondents are indicated in frequencies and percentages as
shown in a Table.
Table 2: Respondents' Profile (n=109)
|
Gender
|
Frequency
|
Valid Percent
|
|
Male
|
29
|
70.7
|
|
Female
|
12
|
29.2
|
|
Total
|
41
|
100.0
|
|
Age group
|
|
|
|
20-29
|
4
|
9.7
|
|
30-39
|
22
|
53.6
|
|
40-49
|
11
|
26.8
|
|
50-59
|
4
|
9.7
|
|
60 and above
|
0
|
0
|
|
Total
|
41
|
100.0
|
|
Education Level
|
|
|
|
Primary
|
0
|
0%
|
|
Secondary
|
19
|
46.3%
|
|
Diploma
|
6
|
14%
|
|
Bachelor
|
12
|
29.2%
|
|
Masters and above
|
4
|
9.7%
|
|
Total
|
41
|
100.0%
|
|
Marital Status
|
|
|
|
Single
|
9
|
21.9%
|
|
Married
|
21
|
51.2%
|
|
Separated
|
1
|
2.4%
|
|
Divorce
|
6
|
14.6%
|
|
Widowed
|
4
|
9.7%
|
|
Total
|
41
|
100.0%
|
|
Nationality
|
|
|
|
Rwandese
|
41
|
100%
|
|
Others
|
0
|
0%
|
|
Total
|
41
|
100.0%
|
Source: Primary Data
As indicated in Table 2, females formed 29.2 percent of the
respondents while males formed 70.7 percent. The findings from this are that
much as both men and women were involved in this study as respondents, most of
the respondents were men. Both men and women were sampled to participate in
this study because issues under investigation such as fighting cross border
crimes. Thus, information from the two genders was complimentary to each other
and this enabled fairly balanced findings based on their gender differences.
Table 2 also indicates that the majority of the respondents
(53.6 %) were at the age group of 30 to 39, next was those in the age group of
40 to 49 (26.8 %), then the last participants were those by the age groups of
20 to 29 and 50 to 59, each composed of (9.7) Differences in age group of
respondents also helped in obtaining different ideas and perceptions about East
African laws to fight cross border crimes.
The education qualifications of respondents indicates that the
majority of the respondents (46.3 %) had attained secondary school; followed by
those who had bachelor (29.2 %); and then those who had diploma with (14 %);
then those who had from master degree and above formed 9.7% percent; and
lastly, those who dropped out of primary school were the least participants in
this study with only 0% percent. Differences on education level helped in
analytical research since some of the findings were influenced by education
levels of respondents.
About the marital status of respondents, the finding indicated
that the majority of the respondents were married (51.2 %), this was followed
by those who were single who formed (21.9%) and then those who were divorced
forming (14.6 %); and the last group was composed of the widowed with (9.7%).
of the respondents. Difference in marital status helped in tracking information
about the study variables that is influenced by the difference in marital
status.
Basing on the nationality of the respondents, it was noted
that the entire respondent were Rwandan with the average of 100%.
3.6 Research Instruments
The main research instrument used in this study was the
interview. This interview was a carried out face to face to respondents. It has
been chosen because it was considered appropriate tools to collect qualitative
and quantitative data. Part one of the question consisted of face sheet and
this was about the profile of respondents; part two of the questionnaire
strictly determined the level of effectiveness of East African Treaties part
three determined level of fighting cross border crimes.( A copy of the
interview guide is attached see annex)
3.7 Validity and Reliability
The interview is a reliable instrument to collect qualitative
data in a survey design because observation, experiment or the instruments
cannot be suitable for collecting desired data. The validity of research
instrument was measured using content validity Index and is concerned with
whether the data are really about they appear to be while the reliability was
done through pre-test of the research instruments and refers to the extent in
which data collected techniques or analysis procedure will lead to consistent
results. In the process of determining the validity of questionnaire, two
raters or experts in the area of research instrument were asked to set the
content in the questionnaire.
Reliability is a measure of the degree to which a research
instrument yields consistent results or data after repeated trials. Reliability
of the instrument was established through a test-retest technique. The
researcher conducted a pre-test of the instrument on group of subjects and wait
one week then administered the same test to the same subjects a second time.
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