CONSEQUENCIES OF CHILDREN RECRUITMENT IN ARMED
GROUPS
Firstly, it's important to know that there is two modality or
sort of recruitment of children: voluntary and forced. Both of them constitute
violation against children right.
Rules of law prohibit the recruitment and use of children by
armed Group or force in the armed conflict. Because the place of children is in
his family or at school.
Actually, there is a lot of negative impact of children
recruitment. If some consequences are current, then others will produce effect
in the future. So, some consequences concern child soldier himself and others
are related to his community and relationship.
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Many reports about armed group and armed conflict narrated bad
treatment against children in North Kivu Province. According to testimonies of
ex-child soldiers, members of armed Groups killed children, they enforced them
to grievous and heavy work and they used them as human buckler in the first
line of the war.
Children are also victim of maiming, rape, and torturing and
psychology violence. Instead of going to school, they learnt by violence. They
were also be restrained to kill their parents or other members of their family.
Such children have facility to kill, to steal, to rape, to destroy and burn
villages.
We cannot close this part without presenting some problems in
the community which incur the risk of recruitment by armed group: Here they are
:
- Stop of school activities ;
- Departure of people;
- The fear to work in the field and pasture.
HOW TO PROTECT CHILDREN AFFECT BY ARMED CONFLICT.
Armed conflict disproportionately affects children. First
victims of wars, many girls and boys are killed and maimed, recruited and used
as child soldiers, are subjected to sexual violence, are subjected to
kidnappings, and are denied access to aid humanitarian. They are also
increasingly victims of attacks in schools and hospitals.
In the first party, we definite protection as an activity.
Here we are going to present the approach of humanitarian Organization and
United System. Protect children should be understood not only as to prevent him
against violence but also to respond to violence by help with an assistance.
Liberation or demobilization of children is an example of protection. Rules of
law are the first instruments of protection. It?s very important to know what
is provided by law or convention in each situation.
As we saw by introducing this theme, the resolution 1612 of
Security Council of United Nations is the specific instrument which provide how
all parties concern could protect children affect by the armed conflict.
Refer to this text, Child Protection Section of Monusco
organize sensitization of armed group about the respect of child right in the
period of armed conflict.
In 2017, a total of 2,630 children, including (571 and 2,089
boys, were separated from armed groups and militias in the DRC.
In North Kivu Province, most of the children were separated
mainly from the armed groups Nyatura, RAIA Mutomboki, Mai Mai Mazembe, FDLR
FOCA and NDC RENOVE. Among these separated children 1,031 including 128 girls
and 923 boys were recruited and separated during the year 2017.
In 2018 The Nduma Defense of Congo-Rénové
(NDC-Rénové) extended its control in the territories of Masisi
and Rutshuru, which led to clashes with the APCL, the Nyatura and the FDLR, in
which children took part in the fighting. An arrest war was issued in June 2019
against Guidon Shimiray, commander of the NDC-RENOVE, but this did not prevent
the latter from continuing to fight and retaining control of large areas in the
territories of
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Walikale, Masisi and Rutshuru, which has been a constant
threat against children. (Report number S/2020/1030 du 19 octobre 2020)
By virtue of Security Council resolutions 1539 (2004) and 1312
(2005) which call for the establishment of action plans accompanied by a
dialogue that allows their implementation, the advisers and teams for the
protection of children of children The United Nations mission is to establish
links with all state and non-state armed actors involved in serious violations
against children and enjoy the political leeway to do so.
Prevention of recruitment are provisions that would prohibit
the recruitment and use of children in the armed force/ group would be one of
the key components of the Action Plan. The primary role of national Governments
in providing effective protection and relief to all children affected by armed
conflicts ; that's mean the responsibilities of States to end impunity and to
prosecute those responsible for genocide, crimes against humanity, war crimes
and other egregious crimes perpetrated against children.
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