SUMMARY BIBLIOGRAPHY
I. WORKS
1. ALIOUNE SALL, the future competitiveness of the African
economies, ED. Karthala, Paris, 1999.
2. BABI MBAYI, autocentrée Industrialization and
economic development of the Democratic Republic of Congo, CEPI, Kinshasa
1999.
3. BAKANDEJA wa MPUNGU, Right of the finance public, ED.
NORAF, Kinshasa, 1997.
4. BAKANDEJA wa MPUNGU, Handbook of financial right, ED.
African academics, Kinshasa, 1997.
5. BOSEKOTA W' ATSHIA, To rebuild Democratic Congo :
Good Official Governorship and Key Role of SME !, ED. University
presses « BEAUTIFUL CAMPUS », Volume I, 174 pp.
6. BOSEKOTA W' ATSHIA, To rebuild Democratic Congo :
Good Official Governorship and Key Role of SME !, ED. University
presses « BEAUTIFUL CAMPUS », Volume II, 510 pp.
7. BUABUA wa KAYEMBE, taxation of the abstract economy in
Zaire, PUZ, 1995.
8. CASTELAIN L, Elements of Commercial law, ED. From
Book-Brussels, VIIIème ED., 1970.
9. COMLAN A., Treaty of Congolese Commercial law,
Volume 1, N.E.A, Paris, S.D.
10. David TURNHAM, Bernard SALOME, Antoine SCHWARZ, News
approaches of the abstract sector, OECD, OECD, Paris, 1990.
11. CLERCQ, Synthesis of the commercial law, ED. De
Boeck, Brussels, 1988.
12. DELCOURT J. and WOOT P., challenges of the
globalisation : Babel or Pentecost ? University presses of Leuwen,
2001.
13. DEREK W. BLADES, DEREK D. JOHSON and alii, the sector
of services in the DEVELOPING COUNTRIES, OECD, Paris, 1974.
14. DUQUESE B. and MUSYCK, the abstract sector in Africa:
theoretical approach of case borroms-sarrettes of zinguinchor, UCL,
1986.
15. DURKHEIM E., the Suicide, Paris, P.U.F., 1973.
16. Francoise Dekeuwer-Defossez, Commercial law :
Commercial activities, commercial, goodwill, competes with, consumption,
2nd ED. Montchrestien, 1992.
17. GERMAIN Mr., RIPERT G., ROBLOT R., Treaty of
commercial law, Volume 1, 15th ED. LGDJ., Paris, 1993.
18. GUYON Y., Right of the businesses, 7th ED.
Economica, Paris, 1992.
19. GUYON Y., Right of the businesses, 8th ED.
Economica, Paris, 1994.
20. HAROLD LUBELL, the abstract sector in the Eighties and
Nineties, OECD, Paris, 1991.
21. HOUIN R., PEDAMON Mr., Commercial law, 8th
ED. Dalloz, Paris, 1985.
22. KABANGE NTABALA, Administrative law and administrative
institutions, Volume I, 1997.
23. KUYUNSA B.G and SHOMBA K.S., Initiation with the
methods of research in Social sciences, PUZ, Kinshasa, 1995.
24. LEGEAIS D., Commercial law, 11th ED., Sirey,
Dalloz, Paris, 1997.
25. MACGAFFEY J., One manages: reflection on the second
economy in Zaire, Karthala Edition, Paris, 1993.
26. MASAMBA MAKELA, Right of the businesses, Tallies legal
of the life of the businesses in Zaire, ED. from Boeck (Brussels) and
CADICEC (Kinshasa), 1996.
27. MASAMBA MAKELA, economic Right, ED. CADICEC,
Kinshasa, 1995.
28. MBAYA Mr. and FRIENDHELM S., abstract Sector in
Congo-Kinshasa, strategies for an endogenous development, ED. African
academics, Kinshasa, 1999.
29. MESTRE J., Handbook of commercial law, 18th ED.
LGDJ, Paris, 1986.
30. NGUYEN CHAM THAM and Co, Lexicon of Right of the
Zairean businesses, P.U.Z., Kinshasa, 1972.
31. NYABIRUNGU mwene SONGA, Zairean general criminal Law,
ED. Right and Company « D.E.S. », 1989.
32. NYABIRUNGU mwene SONGA, the criminalisation of the
Zairean economy, ED. , Kinshasa, 1996.
33. PACE VIRGILE, OMC and reinforcement of the legal
regulation of trade, ED. Harmathan, Paris 2000.
34. PENOUIL Mr. and LACHAND J.P., the spontaneous development.
Abstract activities in Africa, ED. Pédone, Paris, 1985.
35. PINDI MBENSA KIFU, Right Zairean of consumption,
ED. CADICEC, Kinshasa, 1995.
36. RHEINHARD Y., Commercial law, 3rd ED. Litec,
Paris, 1993.
37. SAMBWA J.F., the Obsam report/ratio: R.D.-Congo: Last poor
country of the world? ED. University presses Beautiful special Campus, n°,
Kinshasa, 2001.
38. SAMBWA J.F., Program of adjustment structural or a new
strategy of economic development for Africa, SNEL S.A., Brussels, 2001.
39. SHOMBA KINYAMBA, Methodology of scientific
research, PUK, Kinshasa 2002.
40. SUMATA Claude, parallel economy of R.D.C., ED.
Harmattan, Paris, 2001.
41. TIGER P., right of the Businesses in Africa, 3rd
ED., PUF, 2001.
42. Treaty and uniform Acts with accompanying notes and
annotated, Juriscope OHADA, 1999.
43. MINNOW Mr., criminal Law of the businesses, 2nd
ED., Armand Colin, Paris, 1997.
II. LEGAL AND REGULATORY TEXTS
1. Decree interdépartemental n°0029/80 of 7 April
1980 fixing measurements of execution of the ord.loi n° 79/021 of bearing
2 August 1979 regulation of the small trade.
2. Commercial legislation and economic Regulation and
(Collection of the texts in force), E.C.P.I., 2nd ED. 1998, 636 pages.
3. Law n0 87/010 of August 1, 1987 bearing code of the
family.
4. Ordinance-law n° 79-021 of 2 August 1979, bearing
regulation of the small trade (repealed).
5. Ordinance-law n° 90-046 of 8 August 1990, bearing
regulation of the small trade.
6. Ordinance-law n°82-039 of the 05-12-1982 bearing
liberalization of the artisanal exploitation of the precious substances.
III. ARTICLES AND RE-EXAMINED
1. BAKANDEJA wa MPUNGU, the abstract one and economic
right : incidences of the commercial practices on the operation of the
economy. See Days of the humans right on : « The
universal declaration of the humans right and the construction of the State of
right », UNIKIN, February 19-20, 2002.
2. CISSE Mr., International Confederation of the Free Trade
unions (CISL9 Needs and Demande for the Abstract Sector and the Small Companies
as regards professional competences and knowing: Prospect in a developing
country in Africa Geneva, September 10-13, 2001.
3. World conference of Work-Information., WOMEN: CHICKS OF
ABSTRACT, in http://www.cmt-wcl.org/fr/pubs/cmtinfo9902.html,
19-02-2001
4. Underground economy (management Report DGCCRF 1999)
consulted page the 22-11-01in,
http://www.finances.gouv.fr/DGCCRF/activites/1999/eco_sout.htm
5. GEORGE SUSAN, For a reform of the international system
in the diplomatic world, January 1999.
6. HUSSMANNS R, abstract Sector: history, definition and
importance, the ILO, Act of the seminar held in Bamako from the 10 to March
14, 1997.
7. IBRAHIM SY SAVANNA, abstract it is the life, consulted page
the 28-02-02, in
http://www.africaonline.co.ci/AfricaOnline/infos/fratmat/9697eco2.html
8. LACROIX J.L., Industrialization of Congo, in book
Economic and Social, Flight. IV, n°4, 1964.
9. LAMICQ H., commercial Distribution and market of
employment : with the research of ignored in the average cities in Brazil
and in India in Third Worlds : the abstract one in question, ED.
Harmattan, Paris, 1991.
10. LAUTIER B., «abstract Economy: solution with the
problem» in books of the social sciences, n° 50, 1995.
11. The abstract sector : an exit point for Africa,
consulted page the 22-11-01, in
http://myweb.worldnet.net/~matheuy/ecform.html
12. Deliver green on the relations between the European union
and the ACP countries at the dawn of the 21st century : Challenges and
options for a new partnership.
13. PENOUIL Mr., the transition from the abstract activity to
SME is it possible ? , consulted page the 20-12-01 in, HTTP :
ced.montesquieu.u-burdeaux.fr/ceddt23.pdf
14. MBWINGA BILA, abstract Sector and domestic market of
consumption of mass in Zaire, in the books of the CEDAF-ASDOC,
n°3-4, Kinshasa, 1992.
15. MILANDU Mr., the dynamics of the abstract sector: The case
of Congo, in African review of social and human sciences,
CERDAS vol. n°1, July 1990.
16. SAMB, Note of synthesis FOAMED on the economic and social
development of Senegal, in http://enda.sn/doccentr/vigidoc/sn_intro.htm,
08-07-2002.
17. NTUMBA LUKUNGA and OLELA NONGA " the abstract one in the
Congolese economy: discussion around two theses ", in social Movement and
Stakes, n°3, Kinshasa, January-February 2002.
18. OLELA NDJADI and alii, Universalization, abstract sector
and CP: in which way does lie the safety of Congolese? In social Movement and
Stakes, n°5, Kinshasa, May-June 2002.
19. MARONGIU J., the transition from the abstract company to
the modern company. Synthesis of the studies on Yaounde and Douala, Center of
economy of the development, University Montesquieu-Bordeau IV, 1992.
20. MASAMBA MAKELA, the applicability of the right of the
businesses to the abstract sector, held at the time of « Days of the
humans right on the universal Declaration of the humans right and the
dedication of the State of right ». (Unikin, February 19-20,
2002).
IV. MEMORIES
1. MOLA Me BOMPE Ek' Esongo, abstract economy and its
framing at Congo, University of Kinshasa, 1996-1997.
2. PHAKA MABIALA, Of the problems of the abstract economy
in Zairean Substantive law, University of Kinshasa, 1995-1996.
V. OTHER DOCUMENTS
1. Declaration of Interlaken on the economy abstract, Swiss,
September 10-12, 2001.
2. Document ordinary n°66 XXV° session: resolution
about the abstract economy in the French-speaking countries (Ottawa July 05-08,
1999).
3. Kind and abstract sector, World Confederation of
Work, July 2, 1999.
4. Program National Revival of the agricultural sector, Kinshasa
27-02-1997.
5. Minimum Triennial program, Ministry for the Plan and the
Development 1997-1999, Kinshasa, 1997.
6. Report/ratio the ILO, Employment in comes and equality:
With strategy for increasing productive employment in Kenya 1972.
7. National plan for the development of the DRC 2001-2010,
Kinshasa, 2000.
CONTENTS
Dedication
..................................................................................................
I
Foreword
.............................................................................................
II
Principal abbreviations
................................................................................
III
General introduction
..................................................................................
1
1. Problems
..................................................................................
1
2. Delimitation of the subject
...........................................................................
4
3. Interest of the study
................................................................................
5
4. Working methods
............................................................................
5
5. Subdivision of work
......................................................................... 7
Chapter I : ABUSES RESULTING FROM THE EXERCISE OF
THE ABSTRACT ECONOMY .................. 8
Section 1. Legal description of the abstract economy
...................................... 8
Paragraphe1. Definition and characteristic of the
abstract economy ............... 8
A. Prospect centered on logic for the production
........................... 12
B. Prospect centered on its nonlegal character
............................... 12
C. Prospect centered on the recent evolution for the
organization
work
...........................................................................
13
Paragraph 2. Characteristics
.............................................................. 13
A. General
..................................................................... 14
B.Particulière
................................................................... 15
Section 2. Category and contribution of the activities of the
abstract sector .............................. 16
Paragraphe1. Category of activity
........................................................... 16
A. Activities of the primary sector
...................................................... 16
B. Activities of the secondary industry
....................................................... 19
C. Activities of the tertiary sector
............................................................ 20
Paragraph 2. Contribution of the activities
......................................................... 22
A. Contribution on the level of the economy
................................................... 23
1° On the level of the production
...................................................... 23
2° On the level of the prices
................................................................. 24 B.
Contribution on the social standing
................................................................ 25
1° On the level of employment
......................................................... 26 2° At the
level purchasing power it ................................................
26
Section 3 : Consequences of the abstract economy
............................................. 27
Paragraphe1. In the tax plan
.................................................................. 28
Paragraphe2. In the economic plan
......................................................... 28
Paragraphe3. In the social plan
................................................................. 29
Paragraphe4. At the international level
........................................................ 30
Chapter II : The ABSTRACT ECONOMY VIS-A-VIS the
OPTIONS OF REFORMS AND OF
FORMALIZATION
.......................................................................................
33
Section 1. Short presentation of the evolution of the legal
situation of the DRC
on the small trade
..................................................................... 33
Paragraphe1. From 1885 to 1979
.............................................................. 34
Paragraphe2. From 1979 to 1990
.............................................................. 36
Paragraphe3. From 1990 to our days
......................................................... 52
Section 2. Reform of the ordinance-law of August 08, 1990 on
the small trade... 53
Paragraphe1. Definition and object of the small trade
according to
the ord. - law of August
08, 1990 ................................................... 36
Paragraphe2. Reform ord.- law of August 8, 1990 from the
point of view of
methods of exercises of
the small trade ............................... 57
Paragraphe3. Reform ord.- law of August 8, 1990 U of not
seen
conditions and sanctions
....................................................... 57
Section 3. Formalization of the abstract sector like source
of progress of PME..62
Paragraphe.1.L' improvement of the environment and the
macro-economic framework
like source of cleansing of the abstract sector
................. 63
Paragraphe2. Total social dynamics and difficulties of
passage of the unit
abstract at SME
.......................................................... 65
A. The transition from abstract towards SME is in logic
of development
................................................................. 65
B. Obstacles of the transition from abstract towards SME
.................... 66
Paragraphe3. Dynamics interns abstract unit, condition of
creation of SME
........................................................... 68
A. Evolution of the modes of financing and profitability
........................ 68
B. Evolution of the modes of management and growth of the
productivity ....... 69
General conclusion
....................................................................................
71
Summary bibliography
...............................................................................
74
Contents
......................................................................................
79
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