Influence of an ERP system on the value chain process of multinational enterprises (mnes)

APPENDIX B: SELF-ADMINISTERED SURVEY FOR MANAGERS AND THE END

USERS

This MBA Dissertation conducted at the University of Johannesburg attempts to evaluate the perceived technical and strategic influence of an ERP system on the value chain process of multinational enterprises (MNEs).

Please complete each of the following questions by ticking the box corresponding to your answer or by filling in your response. The questionnaire will be treated as strictly confidential at all times. Neither your name nor that of your organisation will in any way be connected to the findings of this study. We only wish to establish your views on various issues on the strategic management and operational, and the usage and training, awareness of the ERP System i.e. SAP software under utilisation within your organisation.

SECTION A: Demographics

Please answer each question by crossing (X) the number corresponding to your response

1. How long have you been using the SAP Software?

Less than One year	At least One year but less than 3 years	At least three but less than 5 years	At least five but less than 10 years	At least ten but less than 20 years		Twenty years or more	1
2	3	4	5	6

2. What is your current job level?

3

General Manager

	Senior Manager	Middle Manager	Junior Manager	End user
1	2		4	5

3. What is your age group?

Younger than 20		1
20 to 25 years		2
26 to 30 years		3
31 to 35 years		4
36 to 40 years		5
41 to 45 years		6
46 to 50 years		7
Older than 50 years		8

146

4. What is your highest level of education?

No formal schooling		1
Some Primary School		2
Some High School		3
Grade 12 (Matric)		4
Post School Diploma (s) or certificate (s)		5
Undergraduate or equivalent degree (s)		6
Post Graduate Degree (s)		7

5. How many full time employees report to you?

0	Between 1 and 10	Between 11 and 20	Between 21 to 30	Between 31 to 40	More than 40
0	1	2	3	4	5

SECTION B: Strategic management, SAP operational, and training

6. How would you rate your SAP Software efficiency?

Excellent		1
Good		2
Moderate		3
Poor		4
Very Poor		5

7. How did your organisation acquire the SAP Software?

Vendor supplied the software with some modifications	Vendor supplied the software with little or no modifications	Vendor supplied the software with major modifications	The software was customised for my organisation
1	2	3	4

8. Who is/was responsible for SAP training in your organisation? Please mark all applicable

Independent external consultants	The SAP computer systems specialists	The training is done on-the job with experienced employees	Other. (specify)

9. Please indicate your level of agreement with each of following statements using the scale as indicated?

1 = Strongly Agree (SA), 2 = Agree (A), 3 = Neutral (N), 4 = Strong disagree (SD), 5 =Disagree (D).

147

	IN MY ORGANISATION SAP Software supports my department's objectives.	SA 1	A 2	N 3	SD 4	D 5
	Senior managers were consulted regarding the selection of the ERP Software used in my organisation.	1	2	3	4	5
	The end users were consulted regarding the selection of the ERP Software used in your organisation.	1	2	3	4	5
	The implementation of the SAP Software adds value for our customers.	1	2	3	4	5
	Sufficient funds were made available to train employees in SAP Software usage.	1	2	3	4	5
	In my department, the strategic plan is followed.	1	2	3	4	5
	In my organisation the IT Strategic plan is followed.	1	2	3	4	5
	The IT Strategy plan in our organisation influences the extent to which SAP Software can be successfully implemented.	1	2	3	4	5

SECTION C: General information

10. Please indicate your level of agreement with each of the following statements using the scale as indicated?

1 = Strongly Agree (SA), 2 = Agree (A), 3 = Neutral (N), 4 = Strong disagree (SD), 5 =Disagree (D).

IN MY ORGANISATION		SA	A	N	SD	D
	The SAP Software facilitates effective decision-making.	1	2	3	4	5
	The SAP Software facilitates improved productivity.	1	2	3	4	5
	I received sufficient training on the usage of the SAP	1	2	3	4	5
	Software.
	Value adding activities are communicated to me.	1	2	3	4	5
	My performance has been evaluated against predetermined criteria.	1	2	3	4	5

Your participation in this research is appreciated.

148

APPENDIX C: COVER LETTER FOR QUESTIONNAIRES TO MNEs

From: Folo - Ralph Bosombo
Student Number: 809505439

P.0 Box: 1887

Rosettenville

Johannesburg, 2130

To MNE

Johannesburg

South Africa

06 June 2006

Application for permission to conduct a self-administered survey in your organisation

To Whom It May Concern:

I am writing to you to solicit permission to conduct a self-administered survey in your organisation concerning my research dissertation on ERP system I.e. SAP software as part of my MBA dissertation at the University of Johannesburg entitled " The influence of an ERP system on the value chain process of multinational enterprises (MNEs) ".

Primary, the research involved a qualitative study, which focused on an analysis of ERP systems based on a literature study. It is the objective of the empirical study to assess the general view of the employees in selected companies about the ERP system i.e. SAP software.

You have been selected as a multinational enterprise (MNE) operating in the Gauteng province through the preliminary telephonic interview conducted by the researcher, during which it was confirmed that your organisation used SAP software. Your participation in this study is critical in order to determine the influence of ERP software such as SAP on the value chain process of MNEs.

Your response to the questionnaire will be treated as strictly confidential at all times. Neither your name nor that of your organisation will in any way be connected to the findings of this study.

I look forward to hear from you and appreciate your willingness to participate in this research. Please write, or e-mail me, should you have any questions. My e-mail address is [visionkisang.zaco @ webmail.co.za]

Yours sincerely H.B Klopper

Folo - Ralph Bosombo Study supervisor

149

APPENDIX D: LIST OF ORGANISATIONS CONSULTED IN PRELIMINARY

TELEPHONIC SURVEY

Table1: List of organisations consulted in preliminary telephonic survey.

Organisation	Telephone	Email address	Category	Size	Software
Anchor Yeast	011 474 2430	www.anchor.co.za	Multinational	Medium	ERP (other)
KMPG	011 647 7111	[e-mail]	Multinational	Large	Oracle
Ingwe	011 376 9111	[e-mail]	Multinational	Medium	SAP software
ABSA	011 507 8301	[e-mail]	Local	Large	SAP & Oracle
Standard Bank	011 636 9112	[e-mail]	Local, Mult	Medium	SAP & Oracle
Pick'n Pay	011 856 7000	[e-mail]	Local	Large	(Migrating) SAP	in
Toyota SA	011 444 6182		Multinational	Medium	SAP
Sasol Ltd	011 441 3111	[e-mail]	Local, Mult	Medium	SAP
Philips	011 471 5000	www.philips.com	Multinational	Medium	SAP
Oracle Corpor	011 266 4000	[e-mail]	Multinational	Medium	Oracle
Nordberg Ltd	011 484 5931	[e-mail]	Multinational	Large	ERP (other)
KSB Pumps SA	011 828 8950	[e-mail]	Multinational	Medium	SAP
JD Edwards SA	011 236 6500	www.jdedwards.com	Multinational	Medium	JD Edward
Eskom SA Ltd	011 800 8111	[e-mail]	Local	Large	SAP
Dell Computer	011 709 7700	www.dell.com	Multinational	Large	Oracle
ABI Ltd	011 456 6700	www.abi.co.za	Multinational	Medium	JD Edward, SAP
SAB Miller	011 881 8111	[e-mail]	Multinational	Medium	JD Edward, SAP
Adcock-Ingram	011 709 9300	[e-mail]	Multinational	Medium	JD Edward, SAP

150

APPENDIX E: LIST OF ORGANISATIONS INCLUDED IN THE SELF-ADMINISTERED

SURVEYS

Table1: List of organisations included in the self-administered surveys.

Organisations	Telephone	Email address	Category	Size	Software
1. Ingwe	011 376 9111	[e-mail]	Multinational	Medium	SAP software
2. ABSA	011 507 8301	[e-mail]	Local, Mult	Large	SAP & Oracle
3. Standard Bank	011 636 9112	[e-mail]	Local, Mult	Medium	SAP & Oracle
4. Toyota SA	011 444 6182		Multinational	Medium	SAP
5. Sasol Ltd	011 441 3111	[e-mail]	Local, Mult	Medium	SAP
6. Philips	011 471 5000	www.philips.com	Multinational	Medium	SAP
7. KSB Pumps SA	011 828 8950	[e-mail]	Multinational	Medium	SAP
8. Eskom SA Ltd	11 800 8111	[e-mail]	Local	Large	SAP		9. ABI Ltd
011 456 6700	www.abi.co.za	Multinational	Medium	JD Edward, SAP
10. SAB Miller	011 881 8111	[e-mail]	Multinational	Medium	JD Edward, SAP
11. Adcock- Ingram	011 709 9300	[e-mail]	Multinational	Medium	JD Edward, SAP

151

APPENDIX F: STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
a2

		Frequency	Percent
Valid	Manager	61	45.2
	End user	73	54.1
	Total	134	99.3
Missing	System	1	.7
Total		135	100.0

a5

		Frequency	Percent
Valid	0	106	78.5
	More than 0	28	20.7
	Total	134	99.3
Missing	System	1	.7
Total		135	100.0

Please indicate your level of agreement with each of the following statements

		Agree	Neutral	Disagree	Total
b9.1 SAP Software supports my department's objectives.	Count	126	6	3	135
	%	93.3%	4.4%	2.2%	100.0%
b9.2 Senior managers were consulted regarding the selection of the ERP Software used in my organisation.	Count	74	39	22	135
	%	54.8%	28.9%	16.3%	100.0%
b9.3 The end users were consulted regarding the selection of the ERP Software used in your organisation.	Count	61	36	38	135
	%	45.2%	26.7%	28.1%	100.0%
b9.4 The implementation of the SAP Software adds value for our customers.	Count	123	9	2	134
	%	91.8%	6.7%	1.5%	100.0%
b9.5 Sufficient funds were made available to train employees in SAP Software usage.	Count	99	25	11	135
	%	73.3%	18.5%	8.1%	100.0%
b9.6 In my department, the strategic plan is followed.	Count	110	23	2	135
	%	81.5%	17.0%	1.5%	100.0%
b9.7 In my organisation the IT Strategic plan is followed.	Count	110	22	3	135
	%	81.5%	16.3%	2.2%	100.0%
b9.8 The IT Strategic plan in our organisation influences the extent to which SAP Software can be successfully implemented.	Count	109	23	3	135
	%	80.7%	17.0%	2.2%	100.0%

152

Please indicate your level of agreement with each of the following statements

		Agree	Neutral	Disagree	Total
c10.1 The SAP Software facilitates effective decision-making.	Count	126	7	2	135
	%	93.3%	5.2%	1.5%	100.0%
c10.2 The SAP Software facilitates improved productivity.	Count	128	5	2	135
	%	94.8%	3.7%	1.5%	100.0%
c10.3 I received sufficient training on the usage of the SAP Software.	Count	105	21	9	135
	%	77.8%	15.6%	6.7%	100.0%
c10.4 Value adding activities are communicated to me.	Count	123	8	4	135
	%	91.1%	5.9%	3.0%	100.0%
c10.5 My performance has been evaluated against predetermined criteria.	Count	127	6	2	135
	%	94.1%	4.4%	1.5%	100.0%

Further Recoding
Please indicate your level of agreement with each of the following statements

		Agree	Neutral / Disagree	Total
b9.1 SAP Software supports my department's objectives.	Count	126	9	135
	%	93.3%	6.7%	100.0%
b9.2 Senior managers were consulted regarding the selection of the ERP Software used in my organisation.	Count	74	61	135
	%	54.8%	45.2%	100.0%
b9.3 The end users were consulted regarding the selection of the ERP Software used in your organisation.	Count	61	74	135
	%	45.2%	54.8%	100.0%
b9.4 The implementation of the SAP Software adds value for our customers.	Count	123	11	134
	%	91.8%	8.2%	100.0%
b9.5 Sufficient funds were made available to train employees in SAP Software usage.	Count	99	36	135
	%	73.3%	26.7%	100.0%
b9.6 In my department, the strategic plan is followed.	Count	110	25	135
	%	81.5%	18.5%	100.0%
b9.7 In my organisation the IT Strategic plan is followed.	Count	110	25	135
	%	81.5%	18.5%	100.0%
b9.8 The IT Strategic plan in our organisation influences the extent to which SAP Software can be successfully implemented.	Count	109	26	135
	%	80.7%	19.3%	100.0%

153

Please indicate your level of agreement with each of the following statements

		Agree	Neutral / Disagree	Total
c10.1 The SAP Software facilitates effective decision-making.	Count	126	9	135
	%	93.3%	6.7%	100.0%
c10.2 The SAP Software facilitates improved productivity.	Count	128	7	135
	%	94.8%	5.2%	100.0%
c10.3 I received sufficient training on the usage of the SAP Software.	Count	105	30	135
	%	77.8%	22.2%	100.0%
c10.4 Value adding activities are communicated to me.	Count	123	12	135
	%	91.1%	8.9%	100.0%
c10.5 My performance has been evaluated against predetermined criteria.	Count	127	8	135
	%	94.1%	5.9%	100.0%

Crosstabulations
a2 * a5 Crosstabulation a2 * a5 Crosstabulation

			a5		Total
			0	More than 0
a2	Manager	Count	32	28	60
		% within a2	53.3%	46.7%	100.0%
	End user	Count	73	0	73
		% within a2	100.0%	.0%	100.0%
Total		Count	105	28	133
		% within a2	78.9%	21.1%	100.0%

Chi-Square Tests

	Value	df	Asymp. Sig. (2- sided)	Exact Sig. (2- sided)	Exact Sig. (1- sided)
Pearson Chi-Square	43.151(b)	1	.000
Continuity Correction(a)	40.389	1	.000
Likelihood Ratio	53.987	1	.000
Fisher's Exact Test				.000	.000
Linear-by-Linear Association	42.827	1	.000
N of Valid Cases	133
a Computed only for a 2x2 table
b 0 cells (.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 12.63.

154

Symmetric Measures

		Value	Approx. Sig.
Nominal by Nominal	Phi	-.570	.000
	Cramer's V	.570	.000
N of Valid Cases		133
a Not assuming the null hypothesis.
b Using the asymptotic standard error assuming the null hypothesis.

b9.1 * b9.8 Crosstabulationb9.1 * b9.8 Crosstabulation

			b9.8		Total
			Agree	Neutral / Disagree
b9.1	Agree	Count	105	21	126
		% within b9.1	83.3%	16.7%	100.0%
	Neutral / Disagree	Count	4	5	9
		% within b9.1	44.4%	55.6%	100.0%
Total		Count	109	26	135
		% within b9.1	80.7%	19.3%	100.0%

Chi-Square Tests

	Value	df	Asymp. Sig. (2- sided)	Exact Sig. (2- sided)	Exact Sig. (1- sided)
Pearson Chi-Square	8.170(b)	1	.004
Continuity Correction(a)	5.860	1	.015
Likelihood Ratio	6.383	1	.012
Fisher's Exact Test				.013	.013
Linear-by-Linear Association	8.109	1	.004
N of Valid Cases	135
a Computed only for a 2x2 table
b 1 cells (25.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 1.73.

155

Symmetric Measures

		Value	Approx. Sig.
Nominal by Nominal	Phi	.246	.004
	Cramer's V	.246	.004
N of Valid Cases		135
a Not assuming the null hypothesis.
b Using the asymptotic standard error assuming the null hypothesis.

b9.1 * b9.2 Crosstabulationb9.1 * b9.2 Crosstabulation

			b9.2		Total
			Agree	Neutral / Disagree
b9.1	Agree	Count	73	53	126
		% within b9.1	57.9%	42.1%	100.0%
	Neutral / Disagree	Count	1	8	9
		% within b9.1	11.1%	88.9%	100.0%
Total		Count	74	61	135
		% within b9.1	54.8%	45.2%	100.0%

Chi-Square Tests

	Value	df	Asymp. Sig. (2- sided)	Exact Sig. (2- sided)	Exact Sig. (1- sided)
Pearson Chi-Square	7.436(b)	1	.006
Continuity Correction(a)	5.666	1	.017
Likelihood Ratio	8.132	1	.004
Fisher's Exact Test				.011	.008
Linear-by-Linear Association	7.381	1	.007
N of Valid Cases	135
a Computed only for a 2x2 table
b 2 cells (50.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 4.07.

156

Symmetric Measures

		Value	Approx. Sig.
Nominal by Nominal	Phi	.235	.006
	Cramer's V	.235	.006
N of Valid Cases		135
a Not assuming the null hypothesis.
b Using the asymptotic standard error assuming the null hypothesis.

b9.6 * b9.7 Crosstabulationb9.6 * b9.7 Crosstabulation

			b9.7		Total
			Agree	Neutral / Disagree
b9.6	Agree	Count	108	2	110
		% within b9.6	98.2%	1.8%	100.0%
	Neutral / Disagree	Count	2	23	25
		% within b9.6	8.0%	92.0%	100.0%
Total		Count	110	25	135
		% within b9.6	81.5%	18.5%	100.0%

Chi-Square Tests

	Value	df	Asymp. Sig. (2- sided)	Exact Sig. (2- sided)	Exact Sig. (1- sided)
Pearson Chi-Square	109.792(b)	1	.000
Continuity Correction(a)	103.897	1	.000
Likelihood Ratio	95.444	1	.000
Fisher's Exact Test				.000	.000
Linear-by-Linear Association	108.979	1	.000
N of Valid Cases	135
a Computed only for a 2x2 table
b 1 cells (25.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 4.63.

157

Symmetric Measures

		Value	Approx. Sig.
Nominal by Nominal	Phi	.902	.000
	Cramer's V	.902	.000
N of Valid Cases		135
a Not assuming the null hypothesis.
b Using the asymptotic standard error assuming the null hypothesis.

b9.5 * c10.3 Crosstabulationb9.5 * c10.3 Crosstabulation

			c10.3		Total
			Agree	Neutral / Disagree
b9.5	Agree	Count	86	13	99
		% within b9.5	86.9%	13.1%	100.0%
	Neutral / Disagree	Count	19	17	36
		% within b9.5	52.8%	47.2%	100.0%
Total		Count	105	30	135
		% within b9.5	77.8%	22.2%	100.0%

Chi-Square Tests

	Value	df	Asymp. Sig. (2- sided)	Exact Sig. (2- sided)	Exact Sig. (1- sided)
Pearson Chi-Square	17.752(b)	1	.000
Continuity Correction(a)	15.834	1	.000
Likelihood Ratio	16.228	1	.000
Fisher's Exact Test				.000	.000
Linear-by-Linear Association	17.620	1	.000
N of Valid Cases	135
a Computed only for a 2x2 table
b 0 cells (.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 8.00.

158

Symmetric Measures

		Value	Approx. Sig.
Nominal by Nominal	Phi	.363	.000
	Cramer's V	.363	.000
N of Valid Cases		135
a Not assuming the null hypothesis.
b Using the asymptotic standard error assuming the null hypothesis.

c10.4 * c10.5 Crosstabulationc10.4 * c10.5 Crosstabulation

			c10.5		Total
			Agree	Neutral / Disagree
c10.4	Agree	Count	122	1	123
		% within c10.4	99.2%	.8%	100.0%
	Neutral / Disagree	Count	5	7	12
		% within c10.4	41.7%	58.3%	100.0%
Total		Count	127	8	135
		% within c10.4	94.1%	5.9%	100.0%

Chi-Square Tests

	Value	df	Asymp. Sig. (2- sided)	Exact Sig. (2- sided)	Exact Sig. (1- sided)
Pearson Chi-Square	64.889(b)	1	.000
Continuity Correction(a)	54.981	1	.000
Likelihood Ratio	32.813	1	.000
Fisher's Exact Test				.000	.000
Linear-by-Linear Association	64.408	1	.000
N of Valid Cases	135
a Computed only for a 2x2 table
b 1 cells (25.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is .71.

159

Symmetric Measures

		Value	Approx. Sig.
Nominal by Nominal	Phi	.693	.000
	Cramer's V	.693	.000
N of Valid Cases		135
a Not assuming the null hypothesis.
b Using the asymptotic standard error assuming the null hypothesis.

b9.4 * c10.2 Crosstabulationb9.4 * c10.2 Crosstabulation

			c10.2		Total
			Agree	Neutral / Disagree
b9.4	Agree	Count	122	1	123
		% within b9.4	99.2%	.8%	100.0%
	Neutral / Disagree	Count	5	6	11
		% within b9.4	45.5%	54.5%	100.0%
Total		Count	127	7	134
		% within b9.4	94.8%	5.2%	100.0%

Chi-Square Tests

	Value	df	Asymp. Sig. (2- sided)	Exact Sig. (2- sided)	Exact Sig. (1- sided)
Pearson Chi-Square	58.881(b)	1	.000
Continuity Correction(a)	48.528	1	.000
Likelihood Ratio	28.180	1	.000
Fisher's Exact Test				.000	.000
Linear-by-Linear Association	58.441	1	.000
N of Valid Cases	134
a Computed only for a 2x2 table
b 1 cells (25.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is .57.

160

Symmetric Measures

		Value	Approx. Sig.
Nominal by Nominal	Phi	.663	.000
	Cramer's V	.663	.000
N of Valid Cases		134
a Not assuming the null hypothesis.
b Using the asymptotic standard error assuming the null hypothesis.

c10.3 * b8.3 Crosstabulationc10.3 * b8.3 Crosstabulation

			b8.3		Total
			Not Marked	Marked
c10.3	Agree	Count	12	93	105
		% within c10.3	11.4%	88.6%	100.0%
	Neutral / Disagree	Count	4	26	30
		% within c10.3	13.3%	86.7%	100.0%
Total		Count	16	119	135
		% within c10.3	11.9%	88.1%	100.0%

Chi-Square Tests

	Value	df	Asymp. Sig. (2- sided)	Exact Sig. (2- sided)	Exact Sig. (1- sided)
Pearson Chi-Square	.081(b)	1	.776
Continuity Correction(a)	.000	1	1.000
Likelihood Ratio	.079	1	.779
Fisher's Exact Test				.754	.495
Linear-by-Linear Association	.080	1	.777
N of Valid Cases	135
a Computed only for a 2x2 table
b 1 cells (25.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 3.56.

161

Symmetric Measures

		Value	Approx. Sig.
Nominal by Nominal	Phi	-.024	.776
	Cramer's V	.024	.776
N of Valid Cases		135
a Not assuming the null hypothesis.
b Using the asymptotic standard error assuming the null hypothesis.

162

APPENDIX G
Frequencies and descriptives data for the CEOs/CIOs

SECTION A: Demographics
a1 Specify in which capacity are you completing this questionnaire?

		Frequency	Percent
Valid	CIO	3	100.0

a2 How long have you been operating the SAP software?

		Frequency	Percent
Valid	10 years or more	3	100.0

a3 How long has your organisation used the SAP software?

		Frequency	Percent
Valid	At least ten but less than 20 years	3	100.0

a4 How many full-time employees are in your organisation

		Frequency	Percent
Valid	701 employees or more	3	100.0

a5 In how many countries, excluding South Africa, is your organisation operating?

		Frequency	Percent	Valid Percent
Valid	20	1	33.3	50.0
	25	1	33.3	50.0
	Total	2	66.7	100.0
Missing	System	1	33.3
Total		3	100.0

SECTION B: Your view on the SAP Software and Training

163

Who is/was responsible for SAP training in your oraganisation?

		Not Marked	Marked	Total
b6.1 Independent external consultants	Count	2	1	3
	%	66.7%	33.3%	100.0%
b6.2 The SAP computer systems specialists	Count		3	3
	%		100.0%	100.0%
b6.3 The training is done on-the-job with experienced employees	Count		3	3
	%		100.0%	100.0%
b6.4 Other	Count	3		3
	%	100.0%		100.0%

b7 To what extent, do you believe the SAP Software is used as a strategic management tool in your
organisation?

		Frequency	Percent
Valid	Large Extent	3	100.0

b8 How did your organisation acquire the SAP Software?

		Frequency	Percent
Valid	The software was customised for my organisation	3	100.0

To what extent do you agree/disagree with the following statement?

		Strongly Agree	^Agree	Strongly disagree	Disagree	Total
b9.1 The implementation of the SAP system was a waste of money.	Count			3		3
	%			100.0%		100.0%
b9.2 The SAP System hampers internal organisation of processes.	Count			2	1	3
	%			66.7%	33.3%	100.0%

164

b9.3 It is a complex to implement the SAP System software.	Count	1	2			3
	%	33.3%	66.7%			100.0%
b9.4 SAP System effectively integrates different applications.	Count	3				3
	%	100.0%				100.0%
b9.5 The multifunctionality of the SAP software is of strategic importance to my organisation.	Count	3				3
	%	100.0%				100.0%
b9.6 The modular capability of SAP software is of strategic importance to my organisation.	Count	3				3
	%	100.0%				100.0%

Statistics

	Mean	Median	Std. Deviation
b9.1 The implementation of the SAP system was a waste of money.	4.00	4.00	.000
b9.2 The SAP System hampers internal organisation of processes.	4.33	4.00	.577
b9.3 It is a complex to implement the SAP System software.	1.67	2.00	.577
b9.4 SAP System effectively integrates different applications.	1.00	1.00	.000
b9.5 The multifunctionality of the SAP software is of strategic importance to my organisation.	1.00	1.00	.000
b9.6 The modular capability of SAP software is of strategic importance to my organisation.	1.00	1.00	.000

SECTION C: Strategic management, SAP system and value chain
To what extent do you agree/disagree with the following statement?

		Strongly Agree	Total
c10.1 In our organisation the SAP Software is integrated in the supply chain.	Count	3	3
	%	100.0%	100.0%
c10.2 In our organisation the SAP Software adds value in the supply chain.	Count	3	3
	%	100.0%	100.0%
c10.3 The SAP System supports the objectives of our organisation.	Count	3	3
	%	100.0%	100.0%
c10.4 The IT Strategy plan in our organisation	Count	3	3

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influences the extent to which SAP Software can be
successfully implemented.	%	100.0%	100.0%
c10.5 In my organisation the IT Strategic plan is	Count	3	3
followed.	%	100.0%	100.0%

Statistics

	Mean	Median	Std. Deviation
c10.1 In our organisation the SAP Software is integrated in the supply chain.	1.00	1.00	.000
c10.2 In our organisation the SAP Software adds value in the supply chain.	1.00	1.00	.000
c10.3 The SAP System supports the objectives of our organisation.	1.00	1.00	.000
c10.4 The IT Strategy plan in our organisation influences the extent to which SAP Software can be successfully implemented.	1.00	1.00	.000
c10.5 In my organisation the IT Strategic plan is followed.	1.00	1.00	.000

SECTION D: General Information
To what extent do you agree/disagree with the following statement?

		Strongly Agree	Agree	Disagree	Total
d11.1 The acquisition of ERP Software is valuable to my organisation.	Count	3			3
	%	100.0%			100.0%
d11.2 In my organisation the most effective ERP System was implemented.	Count	2		1	3
	%	66.7%		33.3%	100.0%
d11.3 The ERP System was effectively customised for my organisation.	Count	3			3
	%	100.0%			100.0%
d11.4 Employees in my organisation make effective use of the SAP System.	Count	2	1		3
	%	66.7%	33.3%		100.0%
d11.5 SAP Software users are knowledgeable about the system.	Count	2	1		3
	%	66.7%	33.3%		100.0%

166

Statistics

	Mean	Median	Std. Deviation
d11.1 The acquisition of ERP Software is valuable to my organisation.	1.00	1.00	.000
d11.2 In my organisation the most effective ERP System was implemented.	2.33	1.00	2.309
d11.3 The ERP System was effectively customised for my organisation.	1.00	1.00	.000
d11.4 Employees in my organisation make effective use of the SAP System.	1.33	1.00	.577
d11.5 SAP Software users are knowledgeable about the system.	1.33	1.00	.577

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APPENDIX H
Frequencies and descriptives data of end-users and Managers

SECTION A: Demographics
a1 How long have you been using the SAP Software?

		Frequency	Percent
Valid	Less than One year	8	5.9
	At least One year but less than 3 years	12	8.9
	At least three but less than 5 years	38	28.1
	At least 5 but less than 10 years	59	43.7
	At least ten but less than 20 years	18	13.3
	Total	135	100.0

a2 What is your current job level?

		Frequency	Per cent	Valid Per cent
Valid	General Manager	4	3.0	3.0
	Senior Manager	12	8.9	9.0
	Middle Manager	11	8.1	8.2
	Junior Manager	34	25.2	25.4
	End user	73	54.1	54.5
	Total	134	99.3	100.0
Missing	System	1	.7
Total		135	100.0

a3 What is your age group?

		Frequency	Per cent
Valid	Younger than 20	3	2.2
	20 to 25 years	18	13.3
	26 to 30 years	44	32.6
	31 to 35 years	37	27.4
	36 to 40 years	25	18.5
	41 to 45 years	7	5.2
		1	.7
	Total	135	100.0

168

a4 What is your highest level of education?

		Frequency	Per cent	Valid Per cent
Valid	Some High School	8	5.9	6.0
	Grade 12 (Matric)	50	37.0	37.3
	Post School Diploma(s) or certificate(s)	53	39.3	39.6
	Undergraduate or equivalent degree(s)	21	15.6	15.7
	Post Graduate Degree(s)	2	1.5	1.5
	Total	134	99.3	100.0
Missing	System	1	.7
Total		135	100.0

a5 How many full time employees report to you?

		Frequency	Per cent	Valid Per cent
Valid	0	106	78.5	79.1
	Between 1 and 10	13	9.6	9.7
	Between 11 and 20	6	4.4	4.5
	Between 21 and 30	3	2.2	2.2
	Between 31 and 40	2	1.5	1.5
	More than 40	4	3.0	3.0
	Total	134	99.3	100.0
Missing	System	1	.7
Total		135	100.0

a2 What is your current job level? * a5 How many full time employees report to you? Crosstabulation
Count

		a5 How many full time employees report to you?						Tota l
		0	Between 1 and 10	Between 11 and 20	Between 21 to 30	Between 31 to 40	More than 40
a2 What is your current job level?	General Manager	0	0	0	0	1	3	4
	Senior Manager	0	3	4	3	1	1	12
	Middle Manager	3	6	2	0	0	0	11

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	Junior
	Manager	29	4	0	0	0	0	33
	End user	73	0	0	0	0	0	73
Total		105	13	6	3	2	4	133

SECTION B: Strategic management, SAP operational, and training
b6 How would you rate your SAP Software efficiency?

		Frequency	Percent
Valid	Excellent	103	76.3
	Good	23	17.0
	Moderate	7	5.2
	Very Poor	2	1.5
	Total	135	100.0

How did your organisation acquire the SAP Software?

		Not Marked	Marked	Total
b7.1 Vendor supplied the software with some modifications	Count	119	16	135
	%	88.1%	11.9%	100.0%
b7.2 Vendor supplied the software with little or no modifications	Count	122	13	135
	%	90.4%	9.6%	100.0%
b7.3 Vendor supplied the software with major modifications	Count	124	11	135
	%	91.9%	8.1%	100.0%
b7.4 The software was customised for my organisation	Count	41	94	135
	%	30.4%	69.6%	100.0%

Who is/was responsible for SAP training in your oraganisation?

		Not Marked	Marked	Total
b8.1 Independent external clients	Count	115	20	135
	%	85.2%	14.8%	100.0%
b8.2 The SAP computer systems specialists	Count	37	98	135
	%	27.4%	72.6%	100.0%
b8.3 The training is done on-the-job with experienced employees	Count	16	119	135
	%	11.9%	88.1%	100.0%
b8.4 Other	Count	133	2	135
	%	98.5%	1.5%	100.0%

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Please indicate your level of agreement with each of the following statements

		Strongly Agree	Agree	Neutral	Strongly Disagree	Disagree	No Resp onse	Total
b9.1 SAP Software supports my department's objectives.	Count	92	34	6	2	1		135
	%	68.1%	25.2%	4.4%	1.5%	.7%		100.0%
b9.2 Senior managers were consulted regarding the selection of the ERP Software used in my organisation.	Count	31	43	39	11	11		135
	%	23.0%	31.9%	28.9%	8.1%	8.1%		100.0%
b9.3 The end users were consulted regarding the selection of the ERP Software used in your organisation.	Count	22	39	36	20	18		135
	%	16.3%	28.9%	26.7%	14.8%	13.3%		100.0%
b9.4 The implementation of the SAP Software adds value for our customers.	Count	74	49	9	2		1	135
	%	54.8%	36.3%	6.7%	1.5%		.7%	100.0%
b9.5 Sufficient funds were made available to train employees in SAP Software usage.	Count	52	47	25	10	1		135
	%	38.5%	34.8%	18.5%	7.4%	.7%		100.0%
b9.6 In my department,the strategic plan is followed.	Count	64	46	23	2			135
	%	47.4%	34.1%	17.0%	1.5%			100.0%
b9.7 In my organisation the IT Strategic plan is followed.	Count	61	49	22	3			135
	%	45.2%	36.3%	16.3%	2.2%			100.0%
b9.8 The IT Strategic plan in our organisation influences the extent to which SAP Software can be successfully implemented.	Count	64	45	23	3			135
	%	47.4%	33.3%	17.0%	2.2%			100.0%

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Statistics

	N	Mean	Median	Std. Deviation	Skewness	Kurtosis
	Missing
SAP Software supports my department's objectives.	0	1.41	1.00	.716	2.159	5.796
Senior managers were consulted regarding the selection of the ERP Software used in my organisation.	0	2.47	2.00	1.171	.577	-.314
The end users were consulted regarding the selection of the ERP Software used in your organisation.	0	2.80	3.00	1.263	.294	-.887
The implementation of the SAP Software adds value for our customers.	1	1.54	1.00	.690	1.164	1.165
Sufficient funds were made available to train employees in SAP Software usage.	0	1.97	2.00	.969	.759	-.166
In my department, the strategic plan is followed.	0	1.73	2.00	.796	.715	-.497
In my organisation the IT Strategic plan is followed.	0	1.76	2.00	.805	.735	-.306
The IT Strategic plan in our organisation influences the extent to which SAP Software can be successfully implemented.	0	1.74	2.00	.819	.762	-.374

SECTION C: General Information
Please indicate your level of agreement with each of the following statements

		Strongly Agree	Agree	Neutral	Strongly Disagree	Disagree	Total
c10.1 The SAP Software facilitates effective decision-making.	Count	80	46	7	2		135
	%	59.3%	34.1%	5.2%	1.5%		100.0%
c10.2 The SAP Software facilitates improved productivity.	Count	84	44	5	2		135
	%	62.2%	32.6%	3.7%	1.5%		100.0%
c10.3 I received sufficient	Count	64	41	21	4	5	135

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training on the usage of the SAP Software.	%	47.4%	30.4%	15.6%	3.0%	3.7%	100.0%
c10.4 Value adding activities are	Count	64	59	8	2	2	135
communicated to me.	%	47.4%	43.7%	5.9%	1.5%	1.5%	100.0%
c10.5 My performance has been evaluated against predetermined criteria.	Count	67	60	6	2		135
	%	49.6%	44.4%	4.4%	1.5%		100.0%

Statistics

	Mean	Median	Std. Deviation	Skewness	Kurtosis
The SAP Software facilitates effective decision-making.	1.49	1.00	.668	1.339	1.791
The SAP Software facilitates improved productivity.	1.44	1.00	.643	1.495	2.518
I received sufficient training on the usage of the SAP Software.	1.85	2.00	1.033	1.291	1.360
Value adding activities are communicated to me.	1.66	2.00	.784	1.628	4.125
My performance has been evaluated against predetermined criteria.	1.58	2.00	.652	1.020	1.375

173