Conclusion
En regard de ce qui précède, la présente
étude a porté sur le match de football et réponses des
cellules immunitaires et de la protéine C- réactive chez les
étudiants actifs réhydratés en milieu chaud et humide.
Pour y parvenir, nous avons montré les variations induites par le match
de football sur les cellules immunitaires et de la CRP chez les
étudiants actifs de l'ISEPS.
La présente étude a été
réalisée sur la base de l'hypothèse principale suivante :
le match de football induit les variations des cellules immunitaires et de la
protéine C-réactive chez les étudiants actifs
réhydraté en milieu chaud et humide.
Les résultats de notre étude ont
montré :
- Des variations significatives de leucocytes, neutrophiles et
éosinophiles enregistrées avant effort, après et 2h
après effort ont été observé chez les sujets du
groupe réhydraté (GR) et du groupe non réhydraté
(GNR), alors que les lymphocytes et les monocytes ont significativement
varié que chez les sujets GR ;
- Une augmentation significative des valeurs moyennes de
leucocytes, neutrophiles et éosinophiles enregistrées
après effort par rapport à celles obtenues avant effort a
été observée chez les sujets GR et GNR ;
- Une augmentation significative des valeurs moyennes de
leucocytes, neutrophiles et éosinophiles enregistrées 2h
après effort par rapport à celles obtenues avant effort a
été également observée chez les sujets GR et
GNR ;
- Une diminution significative post effort de la CRP a
été observée chez les sujets GNR.
Dans cette étude, le match de football a fortement
influencél'expression des cellules immunitaires et de la CRP, vue ces
résultats, notre hypothèse a été validé.
PERSPECTIVES
Au regard de nos résultats, nous estimons que
l'objectif que nous nous sommes fixés préalablement se sont
révélés atteints. Dès lors nous espérons que
cette étude contribuera à une bonne imprégnation d'un
Match de football et réponses des cellules immunitaires et de la
protéine C- réactive chez les étudiants actifs
réhydratés en milieu chaud et humide et pourrait aussi
être considérée comme un document non négligeable
pour les chercheurs futurs.
Ainsi, les perspectives de cette étude sont les
suivantes :
- Réaliser la même étude en prenant un
échantillon plus grand ;
- Réaliser la même étude en prenant comme
échantillon les équipes de football de niveau national et
international, les marathoniens, semi-marathoniens ;
- Réaliser la même étude mais en testant
d'autres paramètres tel que la testostérone, l'interleukine-6,
l'interféron gamma, ...
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ANNEXE
Photo 1 :Mesuredelataille
Photo 2 :Mesuredelamassecorporelle
Photo4 :Déroulement dumatch test à
l'ISEPS
Photo 3 :Prisedesang
TABLE DES MATIERES
|
IN
MEMORIUM............................................................................................................
|
i
|
|
Dédicace.....................................................................................................................
|
ii
|
|
Remerciements..............................................................................................................
|
iii
|
|
Liste des sigles et
abréviations.............................................................................................
|
iv
|
|
Liste des
tableaux...........................................................................................................
|
vi
|
|
Liste des
figures.............................................................................................................
|
vii
|
|
Liste des
photos.............................................................................................................
|
viii
|
|
Sommaire.....................................................................................................................
|
ix
|
|
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................
|
1
|
|
Contexte et
justification.....................................................................................................
|
1
|
|
Problématique...............................................................................................................
|
2
|
|
Question
principale .........................................................................................................
|
5
|
|
Questions
secondaires ......................................................................................................
|
5
|
|
Hypothèseprincipale.......................................................................................................
|
5
|
|
Hypothèsessecondaires....................................................................................................
|
5
|
|
Objectifgénéral..............................................................................................................
|
5
|
|
Objectifsspécifiques........................................................................................................
|
6
|
|
Intérêt de
l'étude............................................................................................................
|
6
|
|
Structuration du
travail.....................................................................................................
|
6
|
|
Chapitre I : REVUE DE LA
LITTERATURE........................................................................
|
7
|
|
I.1.
SystèmeImmunitaire...................................................................................................
|
7
|
|
I.1.1.
Définition.............................................................................................................
|
7
|
|
I.1.2. Composant du
Systèmeimmunitaire..............................................................................
|
8
|
|
I.1.2.1. Immunitéinnéeou
naturelle.......................................................................................
|
8
|
|
I.1.2.1.1. Les acteurs de
l'immunitéinnée..............................................................................
|
10
|
|
I.1.2.2. Immunité adaptative
ouspécifique...............................................................................
|
14
|
|
I.1.2.2.1. Les acteurs de l'immunité
adaptative.........................................................................
|
15
|
|
I.1.3. Cellules
immunitaires...............................................................................................
|
16
|
|
I.1.3.1. Rôle et fonction des cellules
immunitaires.....................................................................
|
17
|
|
I.2. Exercice physique et cellules
immunitaires........................................................................
|
19
|
|
I.3. Protéine
C-Réactive....................................................................................................
|
22
|
|
I.3.1.
Définition...............................................................................................................
|
23
|
|
I.3.2.
Structure................................................................................................................
|
23
|
|
I.3.3. Synthèse et localisation de la
CRP.................................................................................
|
24
|
|
I.3.4. Les fonctions de
CRP................................................................................................
|
24
|
|
I.3.5. CRP
marqueurd'inflammation.....................................................................................
|
25
|
|
I.3.6. Rôle de la protéine
C-Réactive......................................................................................
|
25
|
|
I.4. Sport et
Réhydratation.................................................................................................
|
26
|
|
I.5. Sport et
Déshydratation................................................................................................
|
27
|
|
I.6.
Football..................................................................................................................
|
28
|
|
Chapitre II : MATERIEL ET
METHODES..............................................................................
|
30
|
|
II.1.
Matériel..................................................................................................................
|
30
|
|
II.1.1. Mesure de la
taille...................................................................................................
|
30
|
|
II.1.2. Mesure de la masse
corporelle....................................................................................
|
31
|
|
II.1.3. Sinothinker
SK8800................................................................................................
|
32
|
|
II.1.4.
Electrophotomètre...................................................................................................
|
32
|
|
II.2.
Méthodes...............................................................................................................
|
33
|
|
II.2.1. Cadre et type
d'étude...............................................................................................
|
33
|
|
II.2.2.
Population............................................................................................................
|
33
|
|
II.2.3.
Echantillon............................................................................................................
|
33
|
|
II.2.4.
Critèresd'inclusion.................................................................................................
|
33
|
|
II.2.5. Critères de non
inclusion...........................................................................................
|
33
|
|
II.2.6.
Critèresd'exclusion................................................................................................
|
33
|
|
II.2.7.
Protocoleexpérimental..............................................................................................
|
33
|
|
II.2.8. Variables
étudiées.................................................................................................
|
34
|
|
II.2.9.
Considérationéthique...............................................................................................
|
34
|
|
II.2.10.
Analysestatistique................................................................................................
|
34
|
|
Chapitre III :
RESULTATS.............................................................................................
|
36
|
|
Chapitre IV :
DISCUSSION................................................................................................
|
42
|
|
CONCLUSION.............................................................................................................
|
47
|
|
PERSPECTIVES............................................................................................................
|
48
|
|
Référencesbibliographiques...............................................................................................
|
49
|
|
Annexes......................................................................................................................
|
62
|
| 