FIRST PART :
DEFINITIONS, CONTEXTUALISATION AND FRAMING
INTRODUCTION :
The study of the relationship between the political
communication and the seduction through the Declaration of general policy of
the Prime Minister Idrissa Seck appears to us subjected to the achievement of
two preliminary acts.
Initially, it is important to carry out a lighting, at the
same time conceptual and functional, key terms of the triptych seduction,
political communication, and Declaration of general policy. This conceptual
lighting will enable us to better determine the principal terms around whose
our study turns.
Then, we will give, in this part, a detailed attention with
the political context, the institutional framework and the dynamics of social
interaction.
The political context is inseparable from the Declaration of
general policy, of which it conditions, partly, the tonality, the orientation
and the reception. The institutional framework, as for him, legitimates,
structure and organizes the methods of course of the Declaration of general
policy.
CHAPTER 1 : DEFINITIONS
1. THE DECLARATION OF GENERAL
POLICY
We will define the Declaration of general policy under the
angle of its kind, its raison d'être, its stakes and its procedure. The
study of the kind will lead us to specify his field of discursive membership.
Its raison d'être will enable us to reconsider its functions
institutional and political. The study of its procedure will lead us to analyze
his mode of organization and unfolding. Finally the analysis of the stakes will
relate to its stakes of being able, representation and communication.
1.1 Approach generic
As a preliminary text giving place to an exchange between the
Chief of the Government and the French National Assembly, the Declaration of
general policy lies within the scope of a debate. In a general way, the debate
is an exchange organized between at least two speakers, for the account of a
public more where less liability. It is governed by rules (rules of speech,
time of intervention, provision etc), defined in advance, with a regulator
charged to ensure the respect of it. Another mark of the debate is its public
character.
As a social practice, the exercise of the debate is subjected
to conditions of legitimation which are essential on its practice. The latter
must hold titles or to have a statute which makes from there them worthy. It is
one of the kinds which resisted the most time and manners.2(*)
Through the ages, the contexts and the motivations, the debate
fills of the varied functions. But most of the time, it obeys a deliberative
vocation. In this direction, it is closely related to the democracy. In
addition, the indirect character of the debate by which the true recipient is
not the interlocutor, but rather the public - which does not intervene
directly, and the great share granted to the setting in scene, reinforce
the spectacular load which it is carrying.
1.2 Raison d'être
The Declaration of general policy is the occasion to connect
two among the three categories of institutions at Senegal : the Executive
(more precisely the Government) and the Legislature through the French National
Assembly3(*). It is a
constitutional obligation governed by article 55 of the Constitution which
stipulates :
After his nomination, the Prime Minister makes his Statement
of general policy in front of the French National Assembly. This Declaration is
followed of a debate which can give place to a vote of confidence at the
request of the Prime Minister ".
It consists, for the Prime Minister, Chef of the Government,
to come to decline its program in front of the French National Assembly made up
of the deputies, elected officials of the people. This way, the Declaration of
general policy enters within the framework of the mission of control of the
Executive reserved for the legislative power. It allows the Prime Minister
lately indicated to reinforce his legitimacy while profiting from the oiling of
the representatives of the people, while highlighting the importance of the
Legislative power in the Institutionnel device.
* 2 The practice of the
debate would date from the IXIÈME before J.C with in particular the
Homeric debates. Always, in Antiquity, we can raise the eristic tournaments and
the topics. With the Middle Ages and the Rebirth, the debate is codified under
the concept of « disputatio ». Nowadays, we have the
parliamentary debate, the debate televised etc Concerning the debate, we can
raise the analysis of GARCIA, C., « To argue with the oral
examination. Discussion with the debate », in Practices 28,
p. 95-124.
* 3 The third category of
institution being the Legal one.
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