PROBLEMS
Without to deny the importance of the rational argumentation,
we think that the difference, more and more, is done on the level of the
emotional one. The conviction yielding the ground to the seduction,
comprehension with amazement, the analysis with contemplation, criticism with
the worship. An emotional rhetoric which borrows, inter alia, ways of an image
of oneself at the same time presented and represented.
This tendency to seduction would be more manifest if it were
confirmed with the Declaration of general policy whose institutional character,
the economic and social range, and the solemnity of the two institutions which
it implies (the Legislature and the Executive), could prejudge the banishment
of ego, of passion and the spectacle, angular stones of very aimed tempting.
However, speech of image of oneself, passion and spectacle, inevitably results
in going beyond the field of the language and of the discursive practices, to
explore the fields of the communication para verbal and nonverbal, of the
setting in scene and others practice symbolic systems.
METHODOLOGY
This present study borrows its orientation and its step from
the theories of the communication and information sciences. Those being a
crossroads where and intermingled several disciplines and fields are found with
analysis which are linguistics, sociology, rhetoric, political science, the
pragmatic etc, with all the same an option more turned towards the analysis of
the speech.
From this point of view, we will be held to move away us from
the sights resulting from the tradition saussurienne regarding the language as
one « abstracted linguistic system ». Already, Bakhtine had
finished protesting against what it calls it
« saussurism ». Because the language is to be sought
in the concrete verbal communication, not in the linguistic
system abstracted from the forms of the language, either in the individual
psychism of the speakers. (Bakhtine 1977 : 137)
Then, we are those which think, with Courtine, which the
political speech, such as it is transmitted to the greatest number, is
an extremely complex representation where the speeches are
overlapping in nonverbal practices, where the verb could not be dissociated
from the body and gesture, where the expression by the language is combined
with that of the face, where the text is indecipherable apart from its context,
where L `one cannot separate word and image any more. (Courtine 1991 :
2)
So a cardinal importance will be attached, in this study, not
only with the total context (political, institutional, social) of the period
concerned, but also with the resources other than discursive, which take part
of the tempting aiming, via the projection of the image of oneself.
Thus, in this study, which counts two parts, we will devote
the first to a exercise of definition of the key terms, followed by a political
contextualisation and an institutional and social framing, in order to better
determine the conditions and stakes related to the Declaration of general
policy.
The second part will be devoted to the description and the
analysis of the resources of the seduction by the means of the image of
oneself. By doing this, we will initially reconsider the preliminary image of
the Prime Minister Idrissa Seck, before seeing how this one would have
undergone a pre formatting and a developing smoothing.
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