Communication politique et séduction à travers la Déclaration de politique générale du Premier ministre Idrissa Seck à l'Assemblée nationale le 03 février 2003

OBJECTIVE

In this present study, our objective, legitimately more modest, is limited to the analysis of the relationship between the political communication and the seduction, through a basic corpus primarily made up by the Declaration of general policy of the Prime Minister Idrissa Seck, with the hemicycle of the French National Assembly, 03 February 2003 and retranscribed by the French National Assembly (Seck 2003).^1(*)

It is particularly a question of seeing how the actors of the political field - field essentially of action, of persuasion and of domination, their linguistic practices and symbolic systems redefine, according to the changes induced by the development of the media and NTICs. In other words, how the development of the means of information and communication, which increases the place of the spectacle, the image, the setting in scene, and of appearance, with the detriment of reality, rational logic and information, impacts on the discursive and communication strategies of the policy.

ASSUMPTIONS

The deepening of the democracy reinforces the belief in the existence of an increasingly demanding public opinion within a consolidated public space. The development of the means of information and communication makes necessary a change of the relationship between policies and citizens. These means of information and communication, more and more, position in spaces of mediation, between a public opinion « lit », and a plural political community. These new spaces of mediations short-circuit the traditional diagrams governing the relationship between policies and citizens.

Because the changes induced by NTICs make that today, we evolve/move in a world where « the vision acquires a statute higher than the word and the image is essential on the word » (Sartori 1998, transl. Pereyra 2005) ; a world in which the prevalent position of the vision makes pass the individual of the statute of « symbolizing creature », with that of « creature spectator ». Consequently, the homo sapiens changes, to take again the formula of Sartori (op.cit.), in homo videns which

lira is wearied, prefers the shortened flash of the synthetic image, which it fascine and allures it (...) give up the logical relations, with the sequences and to the reasoned reflections (...) [and] succumbs to the immediate impulses, carried and subjected to the emotions. (Sartori 1998, transl. Pereyra 2005)

Thus, vis-a-vis this attraction of the image and of sensational, the politician has, more and more, to pour in the emotional one and the setting in scene. So it tends to rock in  « company of the spectacle » (Overflow 1992), and appears, less and less, as an individual of which the ideas should be shared, but rather as a leader who should be loved. It is not satisfied any more, consequently, to convince, but must attempt to like and allure. To like and allure by its speech, certainly, but also by its aspect, its mine, its setting and its step, all in all by the ideal image of oneself which it projects.

* ¹ The corpus on the Declaration of general policy (Seck 2003) is composed of three types of documents  : audio-visual text, audio and. The textual corpus used is that contained in the transcription which in was made by the services of the French National Assembly in 2003 (80 pages). This document, that we will indicate by (YEAR, 2003), includes/understands, inter alia, the questions of the deputies and the answers brought by the Prime Minister.

The audio corpus is consisted the recording carried out by Radio Senegal. The audio-visual corpus as for him, is consisted the video recording of the debate of general policy made by Radio National Television. The elements of analysis drawn from the video corpus will be identified by denomination RTS. Moreover, we exploited the emission in «  preview  » entitled «  Full fires on  » which preceded the Declaration by general policy diffused to the RTS two hours front. The audio-visual corpus enabled us to support our analysis on the device of setting in televisual scene and on the aspects related to the nonverbal communication and para verbal. However, our analysis was seriously handicapped by the impossibility of having copies of this cassette on behalf of national Television. We were satisfied with three meetings of visionnage at a rate of a meeting per weekend considering the length of the document (more than 05 hours), in the buildings of Television.