Communication politique et séduction à travers la Déclaration de politique générale du Premier ministre Idrissa Seck à l'Assemblée nationale le 03 février 2003

UNIVERSITY SHEIK ANTA DIOP OF DAKAR

Faculty of Arts and social sciences

Department of modern letters

Option Sciences of the Language

Memory of DEA

Political communication and seduction through the Declaration of general policy of the Prime Minister Idrissa Seck with the French National Assembly on February 03, 2003

Presented by : Under the direction of : Modou Ndiaye

Mamadou THIAM Lecturer in Science of the Language

Academic year 2004-2005

THANKS

My most sincere thanks with :

- my wife, Baited, for her unceasingly renewed support and her encouragements ;

- my Director of memory, professor Modou Ndiaye. Without your direction of the vision and your comprehension, there is no doubt that this work could not have been conceived, a fortiori, finalized;

- Mister professor Pape Alioune Ndao, your support and your councils were crucial ;

- Mister professor Alioune Diane with which I am so indebted ;

- the whole of my professors, Senegal and France, who took part in my formation ;

- the whole of the personnel of Senagrosol-Consult, in particular those which took part in the edition of this memory ;

- Madam the Director of Cesti, for her councils and orientations ;

- Mister the Director of Senagrosol-Consult, Mamadou Daffé, which, after me to have made it possible to devote part of my working time to my research tasks and seminars, agreed to agree to deal with the impression of this memory.

- my friends and collaborators of the newspaper the Duty, with at their head, my friend Alioune Fall;

- my young brother, Idy Demba Thiam ;

- my brother-in-law and friend Balled Preira ;

- my sister Hourèye Thiam ;

- my « small mom », Bineta Diédhiou ;

- Moustapha Thiam, archivist with the RTS, to have sacrificed several weekends, in order to assist me in the visionnage files of national Television.

- Mister the Director of Radio Television Sénégalaise, Daouda Ndiaye, to have given access to me the files ;

- Sirs journalists, Antoine Diouf of the Radio operator Futures Media, Mamadou Thior of the RTS ;

- with the CODESRIA, to have accepted me in their seminar « media and good Governorship in Africa ».

- DEDICATE

With fire, my father, El Hadji Mickayilou THIAM say Demba,

Do not fear for those which you leave.

Your death, while wounding them, will put them at the world.

With my son, Ali Mamadou THIAM, « y has that you who do that to me » !

CONTENTS

GENERAL INTRODUCTION 2

MOTIVATIONS 3

OBJECTIVE 4

ASSUMPTIONS 4

PROBLEMS 5

METHODOLOGY 6

FIRST PART : DEFINITIONS, CONTEXTUALISATION AND FRAMING 8

INTRODUCTION : 9

CHAPTER 1 : DEFINITIONS 10

1. The Declaration of General Policy 10

1.1 Approach generic 10

1.2 Raison d'être 11

1.3 Stakes 11

1.3.1 Stakes of communication : 12

1.3.2 Stakes of representation 12

1.3.3 Stakes of being able 13

1.4 Organization and unfolding 14

1.4.1 Mode of unfolding 14

1.4.2 Place of unfolding 14

2. Political communication 15

2.1 Public space 16

2.1.1 The principle of publicity 16

2.1.2 The public opinion 17

2.1.2.1 Actors of the public opinion 18

2.1.2.2 Stakes related to the public opinion 23

2.2 Communication : 24

2.3 Policy : 27

2.4 Synthesis 28

3. Seduction 29

CHAPTER 2 : CONTEXTUALISATION AND FRAMING 32

1. Institutional framework 32

2. POLITICAL CONTEXT 33

CONCLUSION : 36

SECOND PART : RESOURCES OF THE SEDUCTION : THE ETHOS 37

INTRODUCTION : 38

CHAPTER 3 : THE PREDISCURSIF ETHOS 41

1. The image of Idrissa Seck before its nomination with primature 41

2. The pre formatting of the image of oneself 43

2.1 A participative step 43

2.1.1 Procedure 44

2.1.2 Targets 45

2.2 A media clearing 45

2.2.1 Device of setting in televisual scene 47

2.2.2 Process of legitimation 48

2.2.2.1 Mechanisms of polishing 48

2.2.2.2 Mechanisms of conditioning 49

CHAPTER 4 : THE DISCURSIVE ETHOS OR IMAGE OF ONESELF 53

1. « phoronesis » 55

2.  « edge » or the image of the virtuous man 57

2.1 The man of faith 58

2.2 The Juste 60

2.3 The humble man 63

2.4 The sincere man 67

3.  « eunoia » or benevolence 70

3.1 The servant of the people 71

3.2 Courtesy 76

3.2.1 Positive courtesy : 77

3.2.1.1 Marks of courtesy 77

3.2.2 Negative courtesy 81

CONCLUSION : 86

GENERAL CONCLUSION 87

BIBLIOGRAPHY 91

POLITICAL COMMUNICATION AND SEDUCTION

THROUGH THE DECLARATION OF GENERAL POLICY OF THE PRIME MINISTER IDRISSA SECK WITH THE FRENCH NATIONAL ASSEMBLY ON FEBRUARY 03, 2003.

1

GENERAL INTRODUCTION

MOTIVATIONS

The marked passion of Senegalese for the political thing is not any more to show. It rises from a long practice dating from the colonial time and was accentuated with the favor of the deepening of the democracy. As an activity having an impact on the social life, economic and cultural, the policy could not escape the fields from investigations from several disciplines, sociology to political sciences, while passing by the economy and psychology.

However, in this attempt of analysis and comprehension of the political field, the disciplines concerning the information sciences in general, of sciences of the language in particular, seem to be the poor relations for it. What is paradoxical with many regards. Indeed, the political activity, in democracy, is indissociable of its mode of conquest, exercise and conservation, namely adhesion of the citizens around a party, a program and a man. However, this adhesion is done primarily by means of linguistic practices by which the political actors try to rejoin the maximum of citizens to their cause. However, rare are the university work devoted to the analysis of the Senegalese political speech.

In the same way, with the favor of the democratic projections, we attend with the consolidation and the widening of the concept of public space to the name of which the policy is challenged, with the daily newspaper, and cannot allow D `any more to await the electoral expiry day before to communicate on its projects and/or achievements.

Moreover, with the advent of the means of communication of mass, a new turning is offered to the experts of the policy. Indeed, the multiplication of the means of information and the development of New Communication and Information Technologies fundamentally modify the reports/ratios with the speeches and practical symbolic systems related to the policy.

All things which make necessary a work pushed in the fields of the development of political strategies, at the same time discursive and nondiscursive, whose function is to support the adhesion of the citizens. From this point of view, it would be interesting to study, within the framework more adapted of a thesis, the main tendencies of the Senegalese political speech, their design to their reception while passing by the processes of mediation and transformation.