ABSTRACT
The coming into force of the penal procedure code which
occurred in January 1st 2007 put on end to certain practices which used to
question the respect for human rights. Among the main principles of penal
procedure established by the legislators, we find in the foreground the right
to equitable trial which has, one of the manifestations, the impartiality of
the judge. The guarantees for judge impartiality on which our work is based
constitute one of the safeguards which prevent the judge from being one-sided.
This requirement of the judge can also be analyzed at the objective and
subjective levels.
The guarantees for objective impartiality aim at insuring
objectiveness at the procedure level by forbidding that the same magistrate
studies the same affair in several stages of a given procedure otherwise it
would not be possible for that judge to criticize a decision produced by
himself in a previous stage. This prohibition also applies to various degrees
of the lawsuit (process, appeal to the Supreme Court) As a matter of fact any
plurality of offices is banned in order to come up with an impartial
decision.
Talking about the guarantees for subjective impartiality,
they constitute a real right recognized to the parties in the lawsuit to be
able to refuse to be judged by this or that other judge whose partiality is
suspected or to relieve the whole jurisdiction in the benefit of another when
it is felt that the court can be influenced by external pressure.
However, despite the efforts of the legislator, there are
several elements which form real brakes on the effectiveness of these
guarantees. It is the case of the influence of the executive on the judges
which are unfortunately not beneficiary of the fundamental guarantee of
irrevocability. Further, there is a deficit of the judicial staff which gives
room to a certain inertia (or passivity) in the effectiveness of the separation
of the functions of repressive justice.
(or effectiveness of the repressive justice functions
separation)
ABREVIATIONS
I-CODES ET LOIS
Cp : code pénal
Cpp : code de procédure
pénale
CIC : code d'instruction criminelle
CADE : Charte africaine des droits et du
bien être de l'enfant
CEDH : Convention européenne pour la
sauvegarde des droits de l'Homme et des libertés fondamentales
CADHP : Charte africaine des droits de
l'Homme et des Peuples
PIDCP : Pacte international sur les droits
civils et politiques
Cp civ : Code de procédure civile
II- JURISPRUDENCE
CA : Cour d'Appel
TPI : Tribunal de première
instance
TGI ; Tribunal de grande instance
CS : Cour Suprême
C.cass : Cour de cassation
Crim : Chambre criminelle de la Cour de
cassation
Civ : Chambre civile de la Cour de
cassation
III- RECEUIL DE JURISPRUDENCE
PUAC : Presses de l'université
catholique d'Afrique centrale
PA : Les petites affiches
PUF : Presses universitaires de France
D : Recueil Dalloz
PUA : Presses universitaires d'Afrique
S : Recueil Sirey
LGDJ : Librairie générale de
droit et de jurisprudence
JCP : Jurisclasseur périodique
RS.C : Revue des sciences criminelles
R.A.S.J : Revue africaine des sciences
juridiques de l'université de Yaoundé II-Soa
R.J.P.I.C : Revue juridique et politique
indépendance et coopération
R.T.D.civ : Revue trimestrielle de droit
civil
Gaz Pal : Gazette du palais
AFRILEX : Revue électronique
d'analyse de droit et des institutions d'Afrique
IV- AUTRES ABREVIATIONS
Comm : Commentaire
CHRON : Chronique
IN FINE : A la fin
INFRA : Plus bas
SUPRA : Plus haut
V° : Voir
CF : Confer
Sq : Sequens (suivants)
SONEL : Société nationale
d'électricité
FEICOM : Fonds spécial
d'équipement et d'intervention intercommunal
OP.CIT. : Opere citato (cité plus
haut)
Ibidem : Au même endroit
C/ : Contre
Passim : ça et là
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