Evaluation of the hypoglycemic, hypolipidemic and anti alpha amylase effects of extracts of the twigs and fruits of ficus ovata vahl (moraceae)

III.1.2. Result of the antioxidant potential of our plant extracts

III.1.2.1. Polyphenol content of our extracts

The polyphenol content of our extracts is represented on table XIV below.

Table XIV : Polyphenols content results

	FOEF	FOHF	FOET	FOHT
Concentration (mg catechin Eq)	718.142 #177; 12.910^a	486.876 #177; 8.606^b	149.105 #177; 38.730^c	207.922 #177; 4.303^d

Table XIV above shows that all extracts had polyphenols with FOEF having a higher content (718.142 mg catechin Eq). We also note a significant difference (P<0.05) in polyphenols content for all the extracts.

III.1.2.2. DPPH (1, 1-Diphenyl-2-Picrilhydrazyl) antiradical activity of extracts

Figure 11 below represent the inhibition percentages obtain after an evaluation of antiradical activity of the ethanolic and hydroethanolic fruits and twigs extracts respectively.

Antiradical activity of twigs extracts

Antiradical activity of fruits extracts

Figure 11 : Antiradical activity of extracts using the DPPH method

Figure 11 above shows that for both plant parts, the hydroethanolic solvent was the best system with a high antiradical activity compared to ethanolic solvent system (p<0.05) and the scavenging activity increases as concentration increases. Moreover the inhibition profile of the hydroethanolic fruits was the best with an IC 50 of 0.701 mg/ml as compared to the others and this IC 50 was significantly different (p<0.05) from all the other extracts.

III.1.3. The effect of extracts on starch digestion in vitro.

Figure 12 below represents the variation of the inhibition of activity of á-amylase (digestive enzyme) activity in the presence of different concentrations of extracts.

Figure 12 : Effect of extracts on the inhibition of pancreatic á-amylase activity

From figure 12 above, we observed that the percentage inhibition of the alpha amylase activity increased with increase in concentration for both extracts with that of hydroethanolic fruits being significantly higher compared to that of hydroethanolic twigs. Also, when the concept of IC50 values was used, hydroethanolic fruit extract showed the best result with an IC50 of 0.4727 mg/ml as compared to that of the twigs having an IC50 of 0.7473mg/ml. á-Amylase inhibitory activity was measured at various concentrations and the inhibition was observed at all doses (Fig. 12). When comparing the total water soluble phenolic concentration of hydroethanolic extracts with the á-amylase inhibitory activity, a correlation was observed.

III.1.4. Acute toxicity study of the hydroethanolic fruits and twigs extracts

III.1.4.1. Effect of extracts on the behaviour of experimental animals

The behavioural reactions of rats under acute toxicity are represented in table XV.

Table XV: Behaviour of rats during acute toxicity study (48hours)

Observations	Negative control	FOHT	FOHF
General mobility	Normal	Normal 30min after	Normal 4hrs after
sleep	Normal	Normal	Normal
feeding	Normal	Normal 1hr after	Normal 6hrs after
faeces	Normal	Normal	Normal
Sensibility to sound	Jump immediately	Jump immediately	Jump immediately
death	No dead	No dead	No dead

From the above result we observe that these extracts at 5000mg/Kg of BW taken at a single dose do not lead to death. The other parameters remain comparable to the negative control.