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Landfill sites selection for municipal solid waste using multi criteria evaluation techniques. Case of Rusizi town, Rwanda

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par Fidele RUGIRAMANZI
National university of Rwanda - Post Graduate Diploma in Applied Geo-Information Science 2013
  

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2.3.2. Political Criteria

2.3.2.1. Acceptance by the local municipalities

The political acceptance of a new landfill location can differ in each region and sometimes the potential sites are located in different regions. The level of political acceptance has influence on the willingness of the local municipalities to make their regional physical plans and to give permission for the construction of a landfill. The unwillingness will cause to a delay of the decision on the landfill location

2.3.2.2. Acceptance by the pressure groups involved

The acceptance by the public of a landfill in their own region or municipality is an important factor in the decision making process. The so-called NIMBY (not in my backyard) syndrome is becoming a common attitude. The influence of the public is significant if there are local groups which are well organized and having good relations with the local authorities and the media (papers, radio and television). The level of the public acceptance can be measured how far the local pressure groups are succeeding to delay the decision making process.

2.3.2.3. Property of the landfill area

The ownership of the needed land for the landfill is very important. Public ownership is easier than private ownership because the private ownership will give problems with the cost of the land. Sometimes, expropriation is needed.

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2.3.3. Economic Criteria

2.3.3.1. Costs of land

Costs of the land depend on the land prices which can differ for each location. The actual use of the land is important for the price which influences the level of compensation for the owner or actual users. The potential landfill with the lowest costs is more preferable.

2.3.3.2. Costs for the access of the landfill

Costs for the access of the landfill depend on the condition and the presence of roads close to the landfill. If reconstruction of actual roads is needed, the costs will increase. Because of that road network is an important factor to locate a landfill site.

2.3.3.3. Transport costs

Transport costs are determined by the transport distances from the source of waste generation, the way of transport and the way of collection. The other factors affecting transport costs are the need for waste transfer stations and the possibility to use railways.

2.3.3.4. Costs for personnel, maintenance and environmental protection

The costs for personnel will not differ so much between the different potential landfill sites. Maintenance depends on the availability of soil needed for the daily or regular covering and for the stability of the landfill. If the soil is not available in the area, it should be imported which increases the maintenance costs. Extra technical provisions should be placed to prevent the pollution of the soil, groundwater and surface water at the landfill. Monitoring the drainage system and the quality of the leachate and surface water are also important factors in the maintenance costs. The potential landfill with the lowest maintenance costs is more suitable for a landfill.

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