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Internationalisation économique du sport. Les clubs de football sur les traces des entreprises multinationales

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par Arnauld Kayembe Tabu Nkang'Adi Nzu
Université d'Anvers - Master en Management international et développement 2000
  

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1. A. PRESENCE ABROAD WITHOUT INVESTMENT.

In front of the requirements of the international development of the football and of material and budgetary capacity of the clubs, the strategy of the latter first of all consists in increasing their possibility of gaining the most matches, then to be maintained in the best position with the general classification of a league or championship, not to undergo humiliating it sanction of relegation. Thus, the teams carry out recruitments of those which they regard as good players, it their race, their origin does not matter. Lately, the work of the international organizations of defense of the humans right collected great success, while making dissipate the suspicion of racism which weighed on the policy of recruitment of certain teams of football. And, the Third World, after ceaseless victories in international competitions, became the target most concerned clubs of European football. They are not however all the countries of the Third World which is concerned. While waiting for the still slow opening of the countries of Asia, in this matter, Africa and South America come at the head. The clubs make use for that of the agents of recruitment. But like, they cost expensive, they often resort to their former players, amenable to the Third World countries.

Indeed, even if they did not return in their countries, at the end of their professional career, old the stars third-mondistes of European football continue to be active in the reinforcement of manpower of their former teams. This strategy, effective, finds especially its climax in the fact that in their countries of origin, these former players very often profit from regards, if, with their credit, the national results were good. And rewards some, they receive a commission which makes them, then commissioned agents. It symbolizes the first form of the durable relations between a rich club and a given geographical corner.

1.A.1. The commissioned Agent or the semi-official recruiter.

Called sometimes, agent at the commission or sales representative, the recruiting agent of young players for a given geographical sector, is not to confuse with an intermediary. Because, this last buys the players on the local market with its own funds and negotiates their resale with the rich clubs. On the other hand, like that which acts in international export commercial, the commissioned agent does not take a margin, but it is remunerated by the club by means of a commission on the operations of purchase for the benefit of the club, which its initiative allowed.

1.A.1.a. Characteristics of the formula.

Convinced, in the majority of the cases, that the Third World constitutes a market where one could supply oneself as players with few expenses, and sometimes where the infrastructures able to hatch on its best level the talent of the young sportsmen are cruelly lacking, the rich clubs resort to this formula which has the advantage of indicating like commissioned agent, a former player, of good reputation, less demanding with respect to its former employer. In this context, it passes for :

- An agent. As such, it acts with the name and for the account of this one. This mandate gives him the capacity to negotiate and carry out football business, without masks itself for a long time, the shade of the true purchaser, namely, the club.

- An independent intermediary.

In this quality, it proves that it is free organization of its activity.

Lastly, it is not doubt that it is regularly charged, and nonoccasional, of the search for young players, then to propose on sale with the club with the name of which it acts.

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