Paragraph 2. Imitation of the
model of financing of the European clubs of football.
2.1. Experiment of the
Merchandizing by the three large Congolese clubs of Kinshasa : HAVE Vita
Club, cd. Motema Pembe and HAVE Dragons.
Engaged in one of the three cuts of Africa of the clubs in
1997, the three teams of the capital gained many victories over their
adversaries respected on the continent and became the targets of the trade
undertakings of Kinshasa. With each stage of the competition, the committees of
support asked the supporters each team to wear clothes to the colors of the
club. The multitude of the emblems of the kinoises teams to each African
meeting sanctioned the research of the sporting and fanatic public of the
aforesaid clubs. Here are which opened the door with the companies of the
sectors textile, brewery and plastic to manufacture the first of the Tee-shirts
and other fabrics, the seconds of the stoppers of their drinks and the third
the sachets, bracelets of watches and the Turkish slippers to the colors of the
aforesaid teams. Initially, the teams did not include/understand the
exploitation of their notoriety and success by the economic operators. Finally,
the advertizing war that the concurrent companies for the promotion of their
articles were delivered, clothes and gadgets with the colors of the clubs had
to push the leader staffs teams to carry out a true series of agreements with
these companies for the exploitation of the emblems of the local teams. But, to
date, no shop club shop is yet perceptible in Kinshasa. Economic
internationalization thus makes it possible to refine the methods of management
of the clubs, in particular by rationalizing the merchandizing. In South
Africa, in the town of Cape Town, the colors of Ajax Cape Town are the same
ones as those of Ajax of Amsterdam and of the companies make use of it more and
more to run their productions, in this direction which they manufacture a whole
variety of articles, clothes which, used or carried by their customers, but the
supporters of the club create a reason of pride and membership of the club.
What does not pay less to Ajax Cape Town and Ajax of Amsterdam.
2.2. The entry of the tycoons and investors in the
world of African football.
Since long years, the teams of African football belonged
either to the monks (case of Vita club and Motema Pembe (RD Congo), Mouloudia
(Algeria), or with the fortunate colonists, or finally at the commercial
companies with the capital mainly foreign (Very Powerful Mazembe (RDCongo), BBC
Lions, Eagle Cement (Nigeria), Nkana Red Devils (Zambia) and fallen in
bankruptcy, for the majority.
With the economic internationalization of football, the
tendency goes towards the repurchase of the clubs by the local investors acting
only or jointly with minority foreign associates. Such is the case of Sodigraf,
a Congolese team created following the purchase by a local contractor, Mr.
MADILU, of two teams of district. Encouraging, the experiment is spirit to be
largely followed by the European private operators who do not cease predicting
success with continental football.
2.3. Amateurism with professionalism.
African football seldom left its shell of amateur. It was
necessary to await the end of first half of the decade 1990 to see the African
clubs launching out on the adventure of professionalism not without financial
difficulties. That goes from oneself. The experiment leaves Tunisia.
This country is currently single continent to want to show and
give a new and remarkable image to African football. Its football attracts not
only thousands of young African but also of Brazilian (of which some were
already naturalized Tunisian) and Europeans. And there, to play football as
professional remains an activity prestigious and likely to give birth to from
the hope with the young people, for which Europe remained most important of all
the concerns. South Africa, Egypt, Morocco and the Ivory Coast regularly works
to make football of the clubs a true economic company.
But, it is necessary to recognize that the way to traverse
long remainder. Since the experiment tried by Tunisia succeeds to him already
well, one can consequently predict that at the time this movement will spread,
the African clubs of football, as those of the rest of the world under
development will be able to constitute another economic development pole from
which would leave the efforts for the reduction of unemployment.
When one analyzes the impact of the companies deprived on the
economic life of a country, one of the positive aspects remains indisputably
the creation of jobs and the high level of the wages. It is the same for the
multinational corporations. It is true that at the beginning of the Sixties,
tendency which still continued until recently, the States in general and those
under development in particular perceived in those only negative effects :
plunderings of their raw materials, interference in their internal policy,
delocalizations easy, regular cleansings of manpower or the fact that they
often entrusted the national direction to the nationals of the country of the
parent company.
In spite of this description, sometimes real, it was as shown
as the multinational corporations contributed positively to the economic
development of the States where they were operational. (World Investment
Carryforward, 1998,1999 and 2000). If the clubs of football of the developing
countries can arrive at being better managed, then with becoming local partners
of the rich clubs of Europe, as well like subsidiary companies as like joint
companies, with a little optimist, that would improve quality of the sport and
its management ; would create jobs and would make profitable the cost of
the transfers of the players.
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