Annexe 2 : questionnaires originaux
Intercultural Sensitivity Scale (ISS)
Auteur(s) : Chen et Starosta (2000)
Échelle : (1) Strongly Disagree
(2) Disagree
(3) Uncertain
(4) Agree
(5) Strongly agree
1 I enjoy interacting with people from different cultures
2 I think people from other cultures are narrow-minded
3 I am pretty sure of myself in interacting with people from
different cultures
4 I find it very hard to talk in front of people from different
cultures
5 I always know what to say when interacting with people from
different cultures
6 I can be as sociable as I want to be when interacting with
people from different cultures
7 I don't like to be with people from different cultures
8 I respect the values of people from different cultures
9 I get upset easily when interacting with people from different
cultures
10 I feel confident when interacting with people from different
cultures
11 I tend to wait before forming an impression of
culturally-distinct counterparts
12 I often get discouraged when I am with people from different
cultures
13 I am open-minded to people from different cultures
14 I am very observant when interacting with people from
different cultures
15 I often feel useless when interacting with people from
different cultures
16 I respect the ways people from different cultures behave
17 I try to obtain as much information as I can when interacting
with people from different
cultures
18 I would not accept the opinions of people from different
cultures
19 I am sensitive to my culturally-distinct counterpart's subtle
meanings during our interaction
20 I think my culture is better than other cultures
21 I often give positive responses to my culturally different
counterpart during our interaction
22 I avoid those situations where I will have to deal with
culturally-distinct persons
23 I often show my culturally-distinct counterpart my
understanding through verbal or
nonverbal cues
24 I have a feeling of enjoyment towards differences between my
culturally-distinct
counterpart and me
Cultural Distance Scale (CDS)
Auteur(s) : Babiker, Cox et Miller (1980)
Échelle : (0) No difference compared to your home
country
(1) Slight difference
(2) Moderate difference
(3) Great difference
(4) Extreme difference
1 Climate/weather
2 Physical environment (such as the neighborhood, the density of
population)
3 Transportation tool or style
4 Food (the cooking and eating style)
5 Clothing
6 The types of leisure activities/games and recreational
activities
7 Pace of life
8 Material comfort (standard of living)
9 Language
10 Communication style (such as directness or indirectness)
11 General education level for most people
12 Education style (such as class interaction, teacher's
expectation)/kind of school
13 Religion/praying
14 Family structure (such as the general size of family,
generations living together)
15 The usual age of getting married
16 The values of family/family life
17 Forming friendship
Socio-Cultural Adaptation Scale (SCAS) - version
1
Auteur(s) : Ward et Kennedy (1999) Échelle : (1) No
Difficulty
(2) Slight Difficulty
(3) Moderate Difficulty
(4) Great Difficulty
(5) Extreme Difficulty
1 Making friends
2 Using the transport system
3 Making yourself understood
4 Getting used to the pace of life
5 Going shopping
6 Going to social events/gatherings/functions
7 Worshipping in your usual way
8 Talking about yourself with others
9 Understanding jokes and humor
10 Dealing with someone who is unpleasant/cross/aggressive
11 Getting used to the local food/finding food you enjoy
12 Following rules and regulations
13 Dealing with people in authority
14 Dealing with the bureaucracy
15 Making yourself understood
16 Adapting to local accommodation
17 Communicating with people of a different ethnic group
18 Relating to members of the opposite sex
19 Dealing with unsatisfactory service
20 Finding your way around
21 Dealing with the climate
22 Dealing with people staring at you
23 Going to coffee shops/ food stalls/restaurants/fast food
outlets
24 Understanding the local accent/ language
25 Living away from family members overseas/independently from
your parents
26 Adapting to local etiquette
27 Getting used to the population density
28 Relating to older people
29 Dealing with people of higher status
30 Understanding what is required of you at university
31 Coping with academic work
32 Dealing with foreign staff at the university
33 Expressing your ideas in class
34 Living with your host family
35 Accepting/understanding the local political system
36 Understanding the locals' world view
37 Taking a local perspective on the culture
38 Understanding the local value system
39 Seeing things from the locals' point of view
40 Understanding cultural differences
41 Being able to see two sides of an intercultural issue
Socio-Cultural Adaptation Scale (SCAS) - version
2
Auteur(s) : Ward et Kennedy (1999)
Échelle : (1) No Difficulty
(2) Slight Difficulty
(3) Moderate Difficulty
(4) Great Difficulty
(5) Extreme Difficulty
1 Making friends
2 Finding food that you enjoy
3 Following rules and regulations
4 Dealing with people in authority
5 Taking a _____ (host country) perspective on the culture
6 Using the transport system
7 Dealing with bureaucracy
8 Understanding the (host country) value system
9 Making yourself understood
10 Seeing things from a 's (host national's) point of view
11 Going shopping
12 Dealing with someone who is unpleasant
13 Understanding jokes and humor
14 Accommodation
15 Going to social gatherings
16 Dealing with people staring at you
17 Communicating with people of a different ethnic group
18 Understanding ethnic or cultural differences
19 Dealing with unsatisfactory service
20 Worshipping
21 Relating to members of the opposite sex
22 Finding your way around.
23 Understanding the (host country's) political system
24 Talking about yourself with others
25 Dealing with the climate
26 Understanding the host country's) world view
27 Family relationships
28 The pace of life
29 Being able to see two sides of an inter-cultural issue
Socio-Cultural Adaptation Scale (SCAS) -
traduction
Auteur(s) : Ait Ghezala-Rossier (2003)
Échelle : (1) Pas de difficulté
(2) Difficulté légère
(3) Difficulté modérée
(4) Grosse difficulté
(5) Difficulté extrême
1 Se faire des amis
2 Utiliser les transports publics
3 Se faire comprendre
4 S'habituer au rythme de vie
5 Faire du shopping
6 Se rendre à des manifestations sociales / rassemblements
/ réunions
7 Prier comme d'habitude
8 Parler de soi-même avec d'autres personnes
9 Comprendre les plaisanteries et l'humour
10 Gérer une situation dans laquelle vous êtes
confronté(e) à quelqu'un qui est désagréable/
fâché(e) / agressif (ve)
11 S'habituer à la nourriture locale / trouver la
nourriture que vous aimez
12 Suivre les règles et les règlements
13 Gérer les relations avec les personnes responsables
14 Gérer les situations dans lesquelles vous êtes
confronté(e) à la bureaucratie
15 Savoir se faire comprendre
16 S'adapter aux logements locaux
17 Communiquer avec des personnes provenant d'un groupe ethnique
différent
18 S'entendre avec les membres du sexe opposé
19 Gérer une situation dans laquelle vous n'êtes pas
satisfait(e) des services qui vous ont été
proposés
20 Trouver son chemin
21 Gérer les différences climatiques
22 Gérer le fait que des personnes vous fixent du
regard
23 Allez dans un café / au marché / au restaurant /
au fast-food
24 Comprendre l'accent / la langue locale
25 Vivre loin des membres de sa famille /indépendant de
ses parents
26 S'adapter aux règles de bienséance locales
27 S'habituer à la densité de la population
28 S'entendre avec des personnes âgées
29 Gérer une situation impliquant des personnes de haut
statut social
30 Comprendre ce qu'on attend de vous à
l'Université
31 Gérer le travail académique
32 Gérer les relations avec les professeurs
étrangers
33 Exprimez ses idées en classe
34 Vivre avec les gens avec ou chez qui vous logez
35 Accepter / comprendre le système politique local
36 Comprendre la perception du monde des gens du coin
37 Adopter la culture locale
38 Comprendre les valeurs locales
39 Voir les choses du même point de vue que les gens du
coin
40 Comprendre les différences culturelles
41 Etre capable de considérer les deux versants d'une
question culturelle
Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support
(MSPSS)
Auteur(s) : Zimet, Dahlem, Zimet et Farley (1988)
Échelle : (1) Very Strongly Disagree
(2) Strongly Disagree
(3) Mildly Disagree
(4) Neutral
(5) Mildly Agree
(6) Strongly Agree
(7) Very Strongly Agree
1 There is a special person who is around when I am in need
2 There is a special person with whom I can share my joys and
sorrows
3 My family really tries to help me
4 I get the emotional help and support I need from my family
5 I have a special person who is a real source of comfort to
me
6 My friends really try to help me
7 I can count on my friends when things go wrong
8 I can talk about my problems with my family
9 I have friends with whom I can share my joys and sorrows
10 There is a special person in my life who cares about my
feelings
11 My family is willing to help me make decisions
12 I can talk about my problems with my friends
General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES)
Auteur(s) : Schwarzer et Jerusalem (1995)
Échelle : (1) Not true at all
(2) Hardly true
(3) Moderately true
(4) Exactly true
1 I can always manage to solve difficult problems if I try hard
enough
2 If someone opposes me, I can find the means and ways to get
what I want
3 It is easy for me to stick to my aims and accomplish my
goals
4 I am confident that I could deal efficiently with unexpected
events
5 Thanks to my resourcefulness, I know how to handle unforeseen
situations
6 I can solve most problems if I invest the necessary effort
7 I can remain calm when facing difficulties because I can rely
on my coping abilities
8 When I am confronted with a problem, I can usually find several
solutions
9 If I am in trouble, I can usually think of a solution
10 I can usually handle whatever comes my way
Auto-efficacité
Généralisée
Auteur(s) : Dumont, Schwarzer et Jerusalem (2000)
Échelle : (1) Pas du tout vrai
(2) À peine vrai
(3) Moyennement vrai
(4) Totalement vrai
1 Je peux toujours arriver à résoudre mes
difficultés si j'essaie assez fort
2 Si quelqu'un s'oppose à moi, je peux trouver une
façon pour obtenir ce que je veux
3 C'est facile pour moi de maintenir mon attention sur mes
objectifs et accomplir mes buts
4 J'ai confiance que je peux faire face efficacement aux
évènements inattendus
5 Grâce à ma débrouillardise, je sais comment
faire face aux situations imprévues
6 Je peux résoudre la plupart de mes problèmes si
j'investis les efforts nécessaires
7 Je peux rester calme lorsque je suis confronté à
des difficultés car je peux me fier à mes
habiletés pour faire face aux problèmes
8 Lorsque je suis confronté à un problème,
je peux habituellement trouver plusieurs solutions
9 Si je suis « coincé », je peux habituellement
penser à ce que je pourrais faire
10 Peu importe ce qui m'arrive, je suis capable d'y faire face
généralement
Cross-Cultural Social-Efficacy Scale for Students
(CCSESS)
Auteur(s) : Fan et Mak (1998)
Échelle : (1) Strongly Agree ? (4) Neither ? (7)
Strongly Disagree
1 I do not handle myself well in social gatherings
2 It is difficult for me to make new friends
3 I have difficulties making new friends at university
4 I find it difficult to hold a conversation with most people
5 I have difficulties participating in class discussions
6 I am usually quiet and passive in social situations
7 I have difficulties getting a data when I want one
8 I have difficulties talking to university staff
9 It is difficult for me to express a different opinion
10 I feel confident asking a lecturer a question
11 I feel confident talking to my lecturers
12 I feel confident in asking questions in class
13 I am confident of my language skills
14 I feel comfortable requesting information
15 I have common interests with local people
16 I have common topics for conversation with local people
17 I enjoy activities that most local people enjoy
18 When I'm trying to become friends with someone who seems
uninterested at first, I don't
give up easily
19 If I see someone I would like to meet, I go to that person
instead of waiting for him or her to
come to me
20 I feel confident in joining a student organization
Student Adjustment to College Questionnaire
(SACQ)
Auteur(s) : Baker et Siryk (1989)
Échelle : (1) apply close to me ? (9) doesnt apply to
me at all
1 Fits in well with college environment
2 Feels tense or nervous
3 Keeps up-to-date with academic work
4 Is meeting people and making friends
5 Is definite about reasons for being in college
6 Finds academic work difficult
7 Feels blue and moody
8 Is very involved with college social activities
9 Is adjusting well to college
10 Does not function well during exams
11 Feels tired a lot lately
12 Being independent has not been easy
13 Is satisfied with academic performance
14 Has informal contact with professors
15 Is pleased with decision to go to college
16 Is pleased about decision to attend this college
17 Does not work as hard as he or she should
18 Has several close social ties
19 Has well-defined academic goals
20 Is not able to control emotions well lately
21 Does not feel smart enough for course work
22 Is lonesome for home
23 Considers college degree important
24 Appetite is good
25 Does not use study time efficiently
26 Enjoys living in a dormitory
27 Enjoys writing papers for courses
28 Has a lot of headaches
29 Is not motivated to study
30 Is satisfied with extracurricular activities
31 Has thought about seeking psychological help recently
32 Doubts value of college degree
33 Gets along well with roommates
34 Would prefer to be at another college
35 Gained or lost a lot of weight lately
36 Is satisfied with variety of courses
37 Has adequate social skills
38 Gets angry too easily lately
39 Has trouble concentrating when studying
40 Is not sleeping well
41 Does not do well academically, considering effort
42 Has difficulty feeling at ease with others at college
43 Is satisfied with quality of courses
44 Attends classes regularly
45 Sometimes thinking gets muddled too easily
46 Is satisfied with social participation
47 Expects to finish bachelor's degree
48 Does not mix well with opposite sex
49 Worries a lot about college expenses
50 Enjoys academic work
51 Feels lonely a lot
52 Has trouble getting started on homework
(?)
54 Is satisfied with program of courses
55 Feels in good health
56 Feels different from others in undesirable ways
57 Would rather be home
58 Most interests are not related to course work
59 Is thinking about transferring to another college
60 Thinks a lot about dropping out of college permanently
61 Is thinking about taking time off from college
62 Is satisfied with professors
63 Has good friends to talk about problems with
64 Has trouble coping with college stress
65 Is satisfied with social life
66 Is satisfied with academic situation
(?)
Student Academic Stress Scale (SASS)
Auteur(s) : Busari (2011)
Échelle : (1) None of the Time
(2) A Little of the Time
(3) Some of the Time
(4) Most of the Time
(5) All of the Time
1 My work built up so much that I feel like crying
2 I feel emotional
3 My emotions stop me from studying
4 I yelled at family or friends
5 I feel emotionally drained by academic institution
6 I feel I was lazy when it came to academic work
7 I procrastinated on assignments
8 I am been distracted in class
9 I am unable to study as required
10 I have trouble concentrating in class
11 I try to avoid class if possible
12 I use alcohol or drugs to enable me study well
13 I have trouble remembering my notes
14 I couldn't breathe
15 I have difficulty eating
16 My hands are sweaty
17 I have had a lot of trouble sleeping
18 I have headaches
19 I feel overwhelmed by the demands of study
20 I feel worried about coping with my studies
21 There is so much going on that I can't think straight
22 I miss too many of my lectures
23 I don't enough time in studying
24 I am not really sure am interested in reading
25 At times am unable to express myself in words
26 I am afraid to speak or discuss in the lecture room
27 I feel academic programme is too cumbersome for me
28 I can't keep my mind on my studies
29 I have trouble studying effectively
30 A times I don't feel like studying
31 I feel am too slow in reading compared to others
32 I worried too much about marks to obtain in my examination
33 I feel am getting low marks
34 I would like to stop going to school
35 I have no stable place to study
36 I don't really like my course of study
37 I feel some textbooks are too hard for me to understand
38 I feel some lecturers are too hard for me to understand
39 I feel so much restless while receiving lectures
40 There are not enough good books in the library
41 Too much work is required in some courses
42 I feel am not getting along with some lecturers
43 I feel some lecturers lack interest in their students
44 Some courses are too dull and boring
45 Some lecturers are not friendly to students
46 I feel lecturers are not considerate of students' feelings
47 Some lecturers give unfair tests to students
48 I feel I have poor memory
49 I have trouble making up my mind about my academic work
50 I am too forgetful and easily discouraged about academic
work
Acculturative Stress Scale for International Students
(ASSIS)
Auteur(s) : Sandhu et Asrabadi (1994)
Échelle : (1) Strongly Disagree
(2)
(3) Not Sure
(4)
(5) Strongly Agree
1 Homesickness bothers me
2 I feel uncomfortable to adjust to new foods
3 I am treated differently in social situations
4 Others are sarcastic toward my cultural values
5 I feel nervous to communicate in English
6 I feel sad living in unfamiliar surroundings
7 I fear for my personal safety because of my different cultural
background
8 I feel intimidated to participate in social activities
9 Others are biased toward me
10 I feel guilty to leave my family and friends behind
11 Many opportunities are denied to me
12 I feel angry that my people are considered inferior here
13 Multiple pressures are placed upon me after migration
14 I feel angry that I receive unequal treatment
15 People show hatred toward me non-verbally
16 It hurts when people don't understand my cultural values
17 I am denied what I deserve
18 I frequently relocate for fear of others
19 I feel low because of my cultural background
20 Others don't appreciate my cultural values
21 I miss the people and country of my origin
22 I feel uncomfortable to adjust to new cultural values
23 I feel that my people are discriminated against
24 People show hatred toward me through actions
25 I feel that my status in this society is low due to my
cultural background
26 I am treated differently because of my race
27 I feel insecure here
28 I don't feel a sense of belonging here (community)
29 I am treated differently because of my colour
30 I feel sad to consider my people's problems
31 I generally keep a low profile due to fear
32 I feel some people don't associate with me because of my
ethnicity
33 People show hatred toward me verbally
34 I feel guilty that I am living a different lifestyle here
35 I feel sad leaving my relatives behind
36 I worry about my future for not being able to decide whether
to stay here, or go back
Bio-Psycho-Social Health Index (BPSHI)
Auteur(s) : Tonks et Paranjpe (1999)
Échelle : (1) Never
(2) Sometimes
(3) Always
1 Do you enjoy exercising?
2 Do you exercise regularly (2 times a week or more?)
3 Do you eat meals at regular times each day?
4 Are you concerned about eating only healthy foods?
5 Do you have trouble eating (too little or too much?)
6 Do you have problems getting to sleep?
7 Do you feel too tired to get up?
8 Do you feel tired throughout the day?
9 Do you think that you have plenty of energy to go about your
daily tasks?
10 Do you suffer from bad headaches?
11 Do you suffer from pain in any part of the body?
12 Do you socialise with people of your own race if given the
opportunity?
13 Do you feel shy when meeting new people?
14 Do you feel excluded from social activities?
15 Do you feel alone?
16 Do you feel it is important to maintain your cultural
identity?
17 Do you feel happy with the way your life is?
18 Do you ever wish that you could change your appearance?
19 Personality?
20 Race?
21 Do people irritate you and annoy you?
22 Do you get uncomfortable in unfamiliar places?
23 Do you feel depressed more often than not?
24 Do you find it difficult to talk to new people?
25 Do you discuss this feeling with someone of your own
race/ethnicity?
26 If you were to choose a best friend would it be someone of
your own race?
27 Do you go out with friends on a regular basis to the
cinema?
28 To nightclubs or bars?
29 To religious meetings?
30 To other gatherings? e.g.,
31 Do you participate in any team sports or activities on a
regular basis?
32 Do you get colds/flu on a regular basis?
33 Do you prefer your own company?
34 Do you feel that you are excluded on the basis of race
alone?
35 Do you discuss this feeling with someone in order to help
you?
36 (If so, what is their relationship to you?)
37 Do you find social activities in Canada different from those
you would be participating in at
home?
38 Do you ever wish that you were back in your home country?
Brief COPE
Auteur(s) : Carver, Scheier et Weintraub (1989)
Échelle : (1) I haven't been doing this at all
(2) I've been doing this a little bit
(3) I've been doing this a medium amount
(4) I've been doing this a lot
1 I've been turning to work or other activities to take my mind
off things
2 I've been concentrating my efforts on doing something about the
situation I'm in
3 I've been saying to myself "this isn't real"
4 I've been using alcohol or other drugs to make myself feel
better
5 I've been getting emotional support from others
6 I've been giving up trying to deal with it
7 I've been taking action to try to make the situation better
8 I've been refusing to believe that it has happened
9 I've been saying things to let my unpleasant feelings escape
10 I've been getting help and advice from other people
11 I've been using alcohol or other drugs to help me get through
it
12 I've been trying to see it in a different light, to make it
seem more positive
13 I've been criticizing myself
14 I've been trying to come up with a strategy about what to
do
15 I've been getting comfort and understanding from someone
16 I've been giving up the attempt to cope
17 I've been looking for something good in what is happening
18 I've been making jokes about it
19 I've been doing something to think about it less, such as
going to movies, watching TV,
reading, daydreaming, sleeping, or shopping
20 I've been accepting the reality of the fact that it has
happened
21 I've been expressing my negative feelings
22 I've been trying to find comfort in my religion or spiritual
beliefs
23 I've been trying to get advice or help from other people about
what to do
24 I've been learning to live with it
25 I've been thinking hard about what steps to take
26 I've been blaming myself for things that happened
27 I've been praying or meditating
28 I've been making fun of the situation
Brief COPE - traduction
Auteur(s) : Muller et Spitz (2003)
Échelle : (1) Pas du tout
(2) Un petit peu
(3) Beaucoup
(4) Tout à fait
1 Je me tourne vers le travail ou d'autres activités pour
me changer les idées
2 Je détermine une ligne d'action et je la suis
3 Je me dis que ce n'est pas réel
4 Je consomme de l'alcool ou d'autres substances pour me sentir
mieux
5 Je recherche un soutien émotionnel de la part des
autres
6 Je renonce à essayer de résoudre la situation
7 J'essaie de trouver du réconfort dans ma religion ou
dans des croyances spirituelles
8 J'accepte la réalité de ma nouvelle situation
9 J'évacue mes sentiments déplaisants en en
parlant
10 Je recherche l'aide et le conseil d'autres personnes
11 J'essaie de voir la situation sous un jour plus positif
12 Je me critique
13 J'essaie d'élaborer une stratégie à
propos de ce qu'il y a à faire
14 Je recherche le soutien et la compréhension de
quelqu'un
15 J'abandonne l'espoir de faire face
16 Je prends la situation avec humour
17 Je fais quelque chose pour moins y penser (comme aller au
cinéma, regarder la TV, lire,
rêver tout éveillé, dormir ou faire les
magasins)
18 J'exprime mes sentiments négatifs
19 J'essaie d'avoir des conseils ou de l'aide d'autres personnes
à propos de ce qu'il faut faire
20 Je concentre mes efforts pour résoudre la situation
21 Je refuse de croire que ça m'arrive
22 Je consomme de l'alcool ou d'autres substances pour m'aider
à traverser la situation
23 J'apprends à vivre dans ma nouvelle situation
24 Je planifie les étapes à suivre
25 Je me reproche les choses qui m'arrivent
26 Je recherche les aspects positifs dans ce qu'il m'arrive
27 Je prie ou médite
28 Je m'amuse de la situation
| 
