SUMMARY
The groundnut (Arachis hypogea) Basin of
Senegal, marked a long time by a monoculture with groundnut, currently
undergoes an advanced degradation of the potentials of production of its
grounds. Several programs which try to improve the living conditions of its
populations are launched within the framework of a development of the breeding
which is an activity largely practised in the zone.
Consequently, it was appropriate, to remain in the dynamics of
improvement of the living conditions of the populations, to find technologies
which would be solutions with the degraded fertility of the cultivated grounds,
and with the animal feed present. The fodder crops introduced into the zone
with the project «Jachère», were adopted by a diversity of
producers.
The typology of the exploitations having adopted fodder
technology showed that they were three great groups of producers whose age
seemed to be a criterion determining with the membership of one or with the
other of the groups. However, the analysis of profitability carried out on
these cultures showed that apart from niébé (Vigna
unguiculata) , none of them (A.hypogea;
Sorghum bicolor) were of immediate financial interest for the
exploitation. But conversion into milk and meat of these cultures appeared
interesting, particularly in this zone with traditions of stockbreeders.
Moreover the increase in the outputs on the cultures succeeding it, could
justify an immobilization of the ground for fodder production.
Key words: Fallow, fodders, typology,
profitability
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