Synthèse, transport et excretion du cholestérol dans l'organisme

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TABLE DES MATIERES

EPIGRAPHE I

DEDICACE II

AVANT-PROPOS III

INTRODUCTION 1

CHAPITRE I. GENERALITES SUR LE CHOLESTEROL 2

I.1 DEFINITION 2

I.2. HISTORIQUE 2

I.3. STRUCTURE CHIMIQUE 3

I.4. ROLE DE CHOLESTEROL 5

I.5. DERIVES DE CHOLESTEROL 5

I.5.1.LES ACIDES BILIAIRES 5

I.5.2.LES OXYSTEROLS 7

I.5.3.DENDROGENINE 10

I.5.4.LES STEROIDES 11

CHAPITREII. SYNTHESE, TRANSPORT ET EXCRETION DU CHOLESTEROL 15

II.1.LA SYNTHESE DE CHOLESTEROL 15

II.1.1. BIOSYNTHESE DU MEVALONATE 15

II.1.2. FORMATION DES UNITES ISOPRENIQUES 16

II.1.3. UNITES ISOPRENIQUES FORMENT LE SQUALENE 16

II.1.4. FORMATION DU LANOSTEROL 19

II.1.5. FORMATION DE CHOLESTEROL 20

II.2 LE TRANSPORT DU CHOLESTEROL 24

II. 3. EXCRETION DE CHOLESTEROL 27

II.3.1.LES ACIDES BILIAIRES SONT FORMES A PARTIR DU CHOLESTEROL 27

II.3.2. ASPECTS CLINIQUES 29

II.3.3.LE MODE DE VIE AFFECTE LE TAUX DE CHOLESTEROL SERIQUE 31

II.3.4 LES DEFAUTS PRIMAIRES DES LIPOPROTEINES PLASMATIQUES (dyslipoprotéinémies) SONT HEREDITAIRES 32

CONCLUSION 33

BIBLIOGRAPHIE 34

TABLE DES MATIERES 36